Narwhal - Some Corrections to Sept 10 Article on Fish Farms in BC

DC Reid. I do extensive work on fish farms.

On-land is common. My list has more than 370 on-land fish farms around the globe, meaning the 75 listed in the Narwhal is vastly low. See:: https://fishfarmnews.blogspot.com/2016/05/152-different-on-land-fish-farm-systems.html.

In-ocean fish farms have so many problems that I am up to over 6500 problems in the past five years. Grieg is one of the least stable of the large companies and has lots of problems around the world: Take a look at one post: https://fishfarmnews.blogspot.com/2021/07/bad-news-bites-16th-post.html. It also links to the other 15 posts I have made to add up the problems.

In-ocean BC is going to be put out of business by on-land in the USA, as 85% of its product goes there but Americans now want environmentally sound, on-land fish farms. Atlantic Sapphire, just one company, is headed beyond 220,000MT to 260,000MT which is triple the output of BC in-water. The reality is that BC needs to come on-land or be put out of business.

And just so that you know, BC fish farms vastly over rate their employment and revenue. They say 7,000, but the BC Govt's own report says it is only 1800, or 25%,and has been declining for almost 20 years. See: https://fishfarmnews.blogspot.com/2019/03/mar-21-2019-bc-stats-report-2016.html. We don't need this very small industry destroying our wild salmon and aquatic environment.

I have found almost 1200 articles on the benefits and good points of on-land fish farms. This means they are not just common but they comprise an avalanche of good news. See: https://fishfarmnews.blogspot.com/2021/05/good-news-post-now-more-than-thousand.html.

BC - Trudeau Getting Fish Farms Out of the Water

Trudeau wants Closed Containment by 2025. Little does he know that the same is true from green parties all over the world, that is how bad in-ocean is.

From my good news post on on-land, see:

222. Greens Want Closed Fish Farms - Norway, by 2025: https://www.fishfarmingexpert.com/article/norway-greens-want-salmon-farms-enclosed-by-2025/?utm_source=netflex&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=newsletter__09_09_2021.

And read it and cheer, while Mowi reads it and weeps. Too bad, you've destroyed the oceans all over the world for far too long. And the people who have to live with in-ocean fish farms finally want them out.

Here is the news article:

Norway’s Green Party (MDG) wants all fish farms to be required to use closed technology by 2025, it says in its manifesto for the country’s general election on Monday.

By Editors

The MDG also wants to restrict new licences to closed fish farms only, and to ban growth of existing farms before 2025 unless they have zero emissions, zero lice, zero escapes and low mortality.

The party’s other proposals include intensifying the supervision of aquaculture activities by all relevant authorities, strengthening independent research on how aquaculture affects ecosystems in fjords and sea areas, and introducing both a ground rent tax and an environmental tax on farming.

One seat

The MDG currently hold just one of the 169 seats in the Norwegian Parliament, which is elected by proportional representation, but small parties can wield influence beyond their size because of the need for parties to form alliances to govern.

The proposal to used closed technology by 2025 is similar to a policy being pursued by Canada’s minority Liberal administration in British Columbia. The Liberals, who are also fighting a general election, want to “transition” net pen salmon farming in BC into some form of unspecified closed containment by 2025.

In Scotland, the Greens – who have formed an alliance with the ruling Scottish National Party and have two ministers in government - also want to transition salmon farming into land-based facilities, although the SNP doesn’t support that policy. In an interview earlier this year,Scottish Greens co-leader Lorna Slater, who is now Minister for Green Skills, Circular Economy and Biodiversity, admitted that she didn’t know where Scotland’s salmon farms were located.

More text to follow. This surely is against what fish farms want in BC, which is to be left alone in the ocean, when 75% of BC residents want them out of our ocean. If they want to go on land, that is fine.

MOST POPULAR POSTS, FEB, 2020

Here are the most read posts on this site in Feb, 2020:

1. GOOD NEWS POST, Links to On-land Closed Containment, Studies, News, Papers, : https://fishfarmnews.blogspot.com/2018/11/good-news-post-links-to-on-land-closed.html. This post makes a list of the good news about on-land fish farms, systems that are taking the globe, and making the polluting in-ocean fish farms more and more untenable. I have found 325 good news stories about on-land in little more than a year.

2. 308 On Land Fish Farms Systems!! And more than 20,000 actual farms around the world:   https://fishfarmnews.blogspot.com/2016/05/152-different-on-land-fish-farm-systems.html. This post, started in 2016, is the perennial favourite on this site. It is, after all, the proof that putting fish farms on land will soon be the norm, rather than the vastly polluting in-ocean fish farms of the past.

3. BC Stats Reports: https://fishfarmnews.blogspot.com/2019/03/mar-21-2019-bc-stats-report-2016.html. These are the real numbers to do with jobs and revenue, GDP and the rest - the 2012 and 2016 reports. They paint a sombre picture of the in-ocean fish farms compared withe sport, processing and commercial industries in BC. And the industry figures vastly overstate these actual numbers. This is the number one post to see how the industries to do with salmon stack up.

4. State of Salmon Aquaculture Technology: https://fishfarmnews.blogspot.com/2020/02/state-of-salmon-aquaculture-technology.html. This one gives the ground proofing against the DFO study and fish farm stats which are vastly overstated. In-ocean fish farms are much smaller than they claim. I have stats from more believable sources and they say these figures and report are bull.

5. BAD NEWS BITES:  https://fishfarmnews.blogspot.com/2020/02/bad-news-bites-post-14-5500-problems.html. This is the 14th post of 500 items I have found in the global fish farm/seafood industry press in the past few years. When this post reaches 500, I will have found 6,000 problems. Yes, even I am surprised just how much dirt and how many sleazy things happen in this big bucks, cartel prone, catastrophe causing industry.

6. DFO’s Public Consultation on the Framework for Aquaculture Risk Management (FARM):    https://fishfarmnews.blogspot.com/2019/07/dfos-public-consultation-on-framework.html.This is a major post that analyzes the poorly named FARM framework from four different perspectives. You can read one or another, or all and be informed that DFO's plan can be criticized in many different ways.

7. Fish Farms Kill Wild Salmon: http://fishfarmnews.blogspot.com/2019/04/fish-farms-kill-wild-salmonids-says.html. The public knows what the fish farms refuse to know: fish farms kill wild salmonids, up to 50%, around the world. Don't let DFO tell you any different. Or fish farms.

8. Getting Fish Farms Out of the Water and Set Up on Land in BC: https://fishfarmnews.blogspot.com/2020/03/getting-fish-farms-out-of-ocean-and-set.html. Please, please send a letter to Trudeau or Jordan telling them to fulfill their election promise to get fish farms out of the water.

Getting Fish Farms Out of the Ocean and set up On Land in BC

Hi Bernadette/Justin

I want to confirm for you that the vast majority of British Columbians want fish farms taken out of the ocean and we expect you to do this, not just come up with a plan in five years.

The latest survey puts it at 75% want fish farms out.

Wild BC salmon are in crisis. I say this after writing about fisheries polity and salmon for almost 50 years.

There just is no more ten years to go.

Jobs are minimal at 1800 and have actually declined 5.3% in the past two decades. So says the BC Govt’s BC Stats report.

In addition, the sewage cost in BC is conservatively estimated at $10.4 B. That is vastly more than GDP from these major polluters – even added up over decades. Most of the money goes back to Norway to shareholders.

Similarly in eastern Canada, fish farm employment has declined a very large 32%. So says a recent paper by Inka Milewski.

Furthermore, Norway produces ten times more farmed salmon than Canada but with ten percent of the employees in Canada. When that automation is brought here, the Canadian jobs number will drop a further 80%.

Fish farms are about pollution, and all the other problems, as the ocean is free for them, until you match Norway’s licences of $32- to $40-million for staying in the water, and offer the same free licences for on-land offered now in Norway. They are not about jobs and revenue as their communications’ spin tries to persuade you politicians. And they came to Canada because our laws are weaker than in Norway, and their margins typically run from 20- to 80-%. They wanted more.

Take fish farms out of the water ASAP. My list of on-land farms has 308 on-land farms around the world, despite fish farms saying on-land is not possible. They know all of what I am telling you, and are ‘fibbing’ with you.

And my list of good news press about on-land around the world, now has more than 325 articles in it about the new wave of on-land. If your staff supports in-ocean, they are out of date by a decade. They need to educate themselves, or get out of the way.

You can verify all these figures on my www.fishfarmnews.blogspot.com  site, or simply ask me to give you the links to read the science yourself.

DC (Dennis) Reid

Justin Trudeau: <Justin.Trudeau@parl.gc.ca>
Bernadette Jordan: Bernadette.Jordan@parl.gc.ca

                                                       *********

For those who read my site: Let me know your query of any comment or number used above, and I'll post the link. I never say anything that does not have a reference. And, when I calculate a figure, I do so having worked at Treasury Board Staff in the Ministry of Finance, BC. We were expected to be the best analyzers in government.

Escapes! Escapes!

One of the worst things about fish farms is that when they have a problem it is usually a catastrophe. And, over time, the catastrophes get worse. Intrafish has put together a list of major escapes from fish farms around the world. Losses of less than 100,000 are not reported in these stats. And that means that a lot of escape catastrophes are not on this list of the largest catastrophes.

These fish carry diseases to other fish, interbreed with their own species, and marginalize salmonids in their own territory all around the world. Chinook are wild in Argentina now, for example, which is its own catastrophe, but a different kind. Pacific salmon in the Atlantic is a catastrophe, for the first time having wild but exotic salmonids from a different ocean in the Atlantic. Shouldn't happen.

Here is the Intrafish post: https://www.intrafish.com/aquaculture/here-are-the-largest-recorded-farmed-atlantic-salmon-escapes-in-history/2-1-388082.

Here are their numbers:

AquaChile                           2013       787,929              Damaged cages, wind

Marine Harvest, Chile         2018       680,000              Wind

Marine Harvest                    2005       496,000              Wind, electricity

Cypress Island, WA             1997        369,000             Unknown

Meridian                               2011        336,470            Tides

Sjolaks, Norway                   2008        307,336            Unknown

Scottish Sea Farm                2000        258,000            Weather

Grieg Seafood, Shetlands     2002        238,420            Unknown

Australis, Chile                     2016        173,156            Water currents

SalMar, Norway                    2011        173,156            Unknown

Cooke Aquaculture, US        2017        150,000            Weather

Admiral Fish Farms, CDN    2010        138,800            Net Failure

Frida Sjofarming, Naroway   2013       122,914             Unknown

Huon Aqua, Tasmania           2018       120,000             Weather

Frida Sjofarming, Naroway   2014       119,942            Unknown            

Cermaq, Chile                       2017        115,703             Net Failure, Wind

Brilliant, Norway                  2009       115,000              Unknown

Cypress, USA                      1999        115,000             Unknown

Bakkafrost, Faroes                2017        109,515             Weather

ScanAm (Cypresse)              1996        100,000             Weather

Scottish Sea Farm                 1999        100,000             Weather

Sjohall Havbruk, Norway     2008        100,000             Unknown

(Country of origin not always identified).

The total of escapes over 100,000 is a massive 4.73M. Yes, 4.73M. Intrafish says: 5.3M but does not explain the inconsistency.

What are the main points?

First: What about all the escapes less than 100,000? An example is the 21,000 from Mowi in BC in 2019. See links at bottom. Cermaq (Owned by Mitsubishi - we should stop buying their cars until their fish farms are on land) lost 130,000 fish to death, perhaps the result of using a Thermolicer to kill lice, or to warm water. Either case shows that fish farms need to be on land.

Second: Notice that all losses are due to weather, 'unknown' (whatever that means) and net failure. This is direct evidence that fish farms should not be in the world's oceans, because they can't take the environment. And, of course, if on land, these millions of fish would not be lost, and causing problems in the environment. Also, warm water losses, something that will only increase in future, can be eliminated on land.

And note that Cypress, aka Cooke, lost 263,000 in 2017, so the above number above is way low, 110,000 low. It got dinged $410,000 for the WA escape. Read this article on its negligence: http://www.southcoasttoday.ca/content/cooke-aqua-troubles-usa-grow-huge-fine-salmon-escape-disaster. How many other numbers above are way low?

Oh, and third: note that this farm, owned by Cooke now, has had three escape events exceeding 100,000 over the years.

Fourth: there are more escapes: Cermaq has lost 134,000 farmed salmon in Clayoquot Sound, BC in 2019 (see link below). And right now it has ISA problems in Chile. Mowi just lost 2.6 million farmed fish to, implausibly, warm water, in NL a couple of months ago, and has ISA in Norway, right now, too. So escapes, mortality and disease happen at the same time all around the world.

Fifth: the escapes are even worse than the numbers above. John Volpe's work on escapes in BC and breeding in Van Isle rivers found that of the 40 rivers swum that have multiple species of wild salmonids, 97% have 'wild' Atlantic salmon, meaning spawned fry and former farmed salmon, and now their progeny.

While I have done a half dozen posts on Volpe's work, here is one post: https://fishfarmnews.blogspot.com/2018/03/otto-langer-on-farmed-fish-escapes.html. Among other things, the post shows how to calculate the passive escape/leakage  number of fish, outside of reported escapes.

Note that 'leakage/passive' escapes are 153,000 per crop in BC, but are not reported, and they are not put into the Intrafish stats. So, add that for the lowest country and then only higher around the globe. In other words, 'escapes'/leakage/unaccounted/spawning are far higher in fish farm countries. And the stats are not calculated or kept. So, it is far worse than Intrafish notes, as in catastrophes that are unreported, and denied by fish farms, though the scientists say yes.


Sixth, the Intrafish post above also points out that companies aren't about being public about the catastrophe of large, exotic fish escapes: "Tasmanian salmon farmer Huon Aquaculture refused to confirm if an escape reported earlier this year was above or below 100,000 Atlantic salmon" The refusal to be public is one reason citizens don't want fish farms: it's their problems and refusal to be honest about their problems. And fish farms also claim their problems are not their fault, in this case, Huon said waves were 11 metres high that went through their site. What this doesn't say, is that fish farms should not be in an ocean where they can we wiped out. They should be on land, so no catastrophe will happen. It's very simple.

And this lack of transparency also makes the public hate fish farms: "“The numbers quoted by media and in our local parliament were greatly exaggerated, and had no factual basis. Huon has no intention of providing a running commentary on false claims."" Nor is it making public the numbers of fish escaped. Not Good.

Seventh: Did you notice that almost half of the catastrophic escapes - 9 of 22 - are from unknown causes. So, if fish farms can't even name what caused the catastrophe, why are they in the ocean? This doesn't make sense.

                                                                       ***

And, just in, 2019, 130,000 dead fish, Cermaq, Clayoquot Sound: https://seashepherd.org/2019/11/21/massive-salmon-farm-die-off-pollutes-canadas-clayoquot-sound/. That is likely the low end figure as the Sea Shepherd stated it could go into the millions.

Now, the fish loss figure is penned at 205,000 dead fish, Cermaq, Clayoquot Sound, algae the cause: https://www.undercurrentnews.com/2019/12/13/ngo-claims-cermaq-has-lost-thousands-of-salmon-off-canada-2/?utm_source=Undercurrent+News+Alerts&utm_campaign=a79863a1b0-Americas_briefing_Dec_13_2019&utm_medium=email&utm_term=0_feb55e2e23-a79863a1b0-92426209.

And, just in, 2019: escape in Chile: Marine Farm: https://salmonbusiness.com/chilean-authorities-report-salmon-escape/.  No number as of December 2019.

And, just in, Dec 2019, Mowi, BC, 21,000 escape:  https://globalnews.ca/news/6328416/bc-fish-farm-fire-salmon/?fbclid=IwAR22JxvN_pVUfV_7z2rny3KnMUAY3S8TZuIU5YMnipoiJL6SK79BHlFPcIA. This article has many good links in it about the problems with farmed salmon, for example, PRV.

And, just in, Jan 2020, Cermaq loses 23,000 fish:  https://www.intrafish.com/aquaculture/23-000-salmon-escape-from-cermaq-chile/2-1-731267?utm_source=IntraFish%20Aquaculture%20Newsletter&utm_campaign=1b8e87e7cc-EMAIL_CAMPAIGN_2020_01_06_07_00&utm_medium=email&utm_term=0_ec4b681694-1b8e87e7cc-244877629. And these were coho salmon, not Atlantics.

Now, 7000 have been recaptured from 23,000 fish escape: https://www.intrafish.com/aquaculture/cermaq-chile-recaptures-nearly-a-third-of-escaped-coho-salmon/2-1-733620?utm_source=IntraFish%20Aquaculture%20Newsletter&utm_campaign=77c291c0ed-EMAIL_CAMPAIGN_2020_01_10_07_00&utm_medium=email&utm_term=0_ec4b681694-77c291c0ed-244877629.

And, yet another: Jan 8, just in:  Escape - Scotland, Mowi, 24,000 salmon: https://www.fishfarmingexpert.com/article/second-big-escape-in-a-year-at-mowi-high-energy-site/?utm_campaign=newsletter__08_01_2020&utm_source=netflex&utm_medium=email. "It was the second incident at the site in under a year, following the escape of 24,572 fish with an average weight of 1.1kg during storms in November 2018." The loss was 500,000 Euros.

And, yet another - Salmar, Norway:  https://www.intrafish.com/aquaculture/salmar-reports-escape-at-damaged-salmon-farming-site/2-1-720114?utm_source=IntraFish%20Salmon%20Newsletter&utm_campaign=dfb52154ab-EMAIL_CAMPAIGN_2019_12_16_07_00&utm_medium=email&utm_term=0_5c825a4a64-dfb52154ab-245113141.

And, yet another: Mowi, Norway, 2500 fish:  https://www.intrafish.com/aquaculture/mowi-confirms-salmon-escape-in-northern-norway/2-1-734515?utm_source=IntraFish%20Aquaculture%20Newsletter&utm_campaign=77c291c0ed-EMAIL_CAMPAIGN_2020_01_10_07_00&utm_medium=email&utm_term=0_ec4b681694-77c291c0ed-244877629.

And, yet another: Escape - Norway, Salmar, number not yet known:  https://www.intrafish.com/aquaculture/salmar-reports-escape-at-damaged-salmon-farming-site/2-1-720114?utm_source=IntraFish%20Salmon%20Newsletter&utm_campaign=e1fa7ed92c-EMAIL_CAMPAIGN_2019_12_13_07_00&utm_medium=email&utm_term=0_5c825a4a64-e1fa7ed92c-245113141.

And, yet another: Escape, Chile, Tornagaleones: https://www.intrafish.com/aquaculture/chiles-tornagaleones-loses-harvest-sized-salmon-in-escape/2-1-712848?utm_source=IntraFish%20Salmon%20Newsletter&utm_campaign=0961630456-EMAIL_CAMPAIGN_2019_12_06_07_00&utm_medium=email&utm_term=0_5c825a4a64-0961630456-245113141.

And, yet another: Escapes - Norway, 287,000 salmon in 2019: https://www.intrafish.com/analysis/the-biggest-farmed-salmon-escapes-of-2019/2-1-734544?utm_source=IntraFish%20Aquaculture%20Newsletter&utm_campaign=f2ab71ce3a-EMAIL_CAMPAIGN_2020_01_13_07_00&utm_medium=email&utm_term=0_ec4b681694-f2ab71ce3a-244877629. 

And, yet another: Escape - Scotland, Mowi, 74,000, Jan 2020:  https://www.undercurrentnews.com/2020/01/21/mowi-loses-74000-fish-from-exposed-scottish-site/?utm_source=Undercurrent+News+Alerts&utm_campaign=9120b002e5-Europe_briefing_Jan_21_2020&utm_medium=email&utm_term=0_feb55e2e23-9120b002e5-92426209. And another article on this issue: https://www.fis.com/fis/worldnews/worldnews.asp?monthyear=&day=21&id=106088&l=e&special=&ndb=1%20target=.

And, yet another: historical Escapes, Mowi Scotland:  https://www.fishfarmingexpert.com/article/73600-fish-escape-from-mowi-site-after-storm-rips-net/?utm_campaign=newsletter__22_01_2020&utm_source=netflex&utm_medium=email. These are historical escapes: "Earlier this month Fish Farming Expert reported that nearly 24,000 salmon with an average weight of 4.5kg escaped from Mowi Scotland’s high-energy site at Hellisay, Isle of Barra in October. It was the second incident at the site in under a year, following the escape of 24,572 fish with an average weight of 1.1kg during storms in November 2018."

And, yet another: Huge Escapes in 2019 Prompts Norway to Review Escapes - the 287,000 fish:  https://www.intrafish.com/salmon/after-year-of-record-farmed-salmon-escapes-norway-rethinks-strategy/2-1-742166.

And, yet another, Jan 29, 2020: huge escapes, Norway: https://www.fishfarmingexpert.com/article/norway-290000-salmon-escaped-in-2019/?utm_campaign=newsletter__29_01_2020&utm_source=netflex&utm_medium=email. " Figures from the Fisheries Directorate show that 290,000 salmon escaped in 2019, along with 2,000 rainbow trout, and that fish farmers reported 49 escape events. The last year that escape numbers were similarly high was 2014, when 286,000 salmon escaped. In 2018, by comparison, 160,000 salmon and 3,000 rainbow trout escaped in 44 reported incidents."

And yet another, science article:  Tens of Millions of Salmon Have Escaped - globally, over the decades: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/faf.12214.

And, yet another, March 2020: trout, Cermaq, Chile, Magallanes, 40- to 50-thousand fish: https://www.undercurrentnews.com/2020/03/13/trout-escape-cermaq-magallanes-site-company-confirms-norway-plant-still-operating/?utm_source=Undercurrent+News+Alerts&utm_campaign=bdc1e4bce3-Americas_briefing_Mar_13_2020&utm_medium=email&utm_term=0_feb55e2e23-bdc1e4bce3-92426209.

And, yet another:  Bakkafrost Can't Find 200,000 Escaped Fish - Iceland, of 1M lost due to storm: https://www.intrafish.com/aquaculture/bakkafrost-still-hunting-for-200-000-escaped-salmon/2-1-773115?utm_source=IntraFish%20Salmon%20Newsletter&utm_campaign=ce9fa102e9-EMAIL_CAMPAIGN_2020_03_16_12_26&utm_medium=email&utm_term=0_5c825a4a64-ce9fa102e9-245113141.

And yet another: 

Jobs and Revenue? - Hasta La Vista Fish Farms, Updated Dec 31, 2019

Hi Drew Cherry [from Intrafish, news outlet]:

On your article: https://www.intrafish.com/commentary/will-salmon-farmers-abandon-british-columbia-/2-1-727477?utm_source=IntraFish%20Salmon%20Newsletter&utm_campaign=9db4d3f04c-EMAIL_CAMPAIGN_2019_12_25_07_00&utm_medium=email&utm_term=0_5c825a4a64-9db4d3f04c-245113141, a few comments.

See my post on the BC Stats Report:  https://fishfarmnews.blogspot.com/2019/03/mar-21-2019-bc-stats-report-2016.html.

Fish farms promise politicians jobs and revenue and they don’t hear anything else and put them in the ocean. Right now, the biggest fight is in NL. BC is beyond that fight. The main reason is that BC residents value wild salmon at the same rate – 75% - that Quebec values French. And, we have 99.8% of all the wild salmon in Canada.

I used to write reports like the BC Stats one when I worked for government, so my comments are sound.

And you make the following jobs and revenue comment: “According to the BC Salmon Farmers Association, the industry accounts for CDN$1.5 billion ($1.1 billion/€1 billion) in revenue and 7,000 jobs, many on Vancouver Island, where employment can be scarce. In addition, many of the jobs are held by people of First Nations descent.”

On revenue: BC Stats says: $777.3M, only 50% of the fish farmers’ claim. And, given that contribution to GDP is only $194.4M, that means only 25% is ‘invested’ in BC. 75% of the money goes back to Norway, to shareholders.

On jobs: BC Stats says only 1800 jobs, or only 25.7% of the fish farmers’ claim – and job numbers have been declining for the past 20 years. Furthermore, I have determined that the actual job number is only 825, and if 20% (the industry claim) are Indigenous, that means only 165 jobs. All three numbers are peanuts. And, on the other side is a solid, deep-seated desire to save wild salmon, that BC residents see DFO/Ottawa having managed into extinction for the past 50 years.

And the Milewski article at the bottom points out that fish farm employment in Atlantic Canada has dropped 32% over a recent past decade. Furthermore, as jobs have dropped 80% in Norway, due to automation, it can be inferred that the same will happen in Canada when the automation is brought here. That means, in BC, that employment will drop to 360 jobs in the entire industry. Who bases economic figures on such a small number of jobs? No one.

As well, fish farms are in trouble in BC because 85% of their market of 85,000mt is to the USA, and the USA is moving to vastly out size the BC industry in on-land farms. Atlantic Sapphire has growth plans to 160,000mt, and then higher, along with Whole Oceans, Nordic Aquafarms, Aquabanc and many others.

Here is a short list of on-land projects by another news outlet: https://salmonbusiness.com/these-are-the-leading-land-based-salmon-farms-in-the-world-right-now/.

My list is far longer, exceeding 300 on-land fish farms around the world: https://fishfarmnews.blogspot.com/2016/05/152-different-on-land-fish-farm-systems.html.

In ocean in BC is toast. The jobs and revenue numbers do not work. And we haven’t yet talked about algae, sewage, disease, lice, wild salmon, the list goes on…

And the tax to the BC govt is so low it is not a compelling argument.

DC (Dennis) Reid

****

And, Whole Oceans listed above has just made a deal with the on-land, Indigenous in BC to run Kuterra for 15 years: https://www.undercurrentnews.com/2019/12/20/canadian-ras-company-kuterra-signs-15-year-deal-to-produce-salmon-for-whole-oceans-parent/. Note that Emergent Holdings owns Whole Oceans.

And, Vancouver island is almost triple the size of Wales where Intrafish is from, the UK, so employment is far more secure than fish farms would have Don Cherry believe, who is not from BC, or even Canada.