Now, the original post:
My list of mostly on-land, closed, most recirculating systems for raising fish now has 142 different systems on it (and the Jan 20, 2016 update below adds thousands of firms in Europe). This represents more than 10,000 actual farms on land, several thousand additional firms and many different species of fish. This is a milestone, and although the Norwegian fish farms, Marine Harvest, Cermaq (Mitsubishi) and Grieg Seafood say it can't be done, they are obviously wrong, and don't want to come out of the water. Enough is enough. We need our governments around the world to take fish farms out of our pristine oceans.
Denmark, for instance, has half its farms as RAS systems - recirculating aquaculture system. Added to the Kenyan system at the bottom (system 73) will bring the current number of on-land farms to 10,000 around the world. Finland never allowed fish farms in its ocean. They all have to be on land.
There is no reason anymore to have old-tech, open-net, in-ocean farms with their environmental degradation problems and open sewage in our pristine oceans. Move forward to the October to December period of 2015 because the Norwegian governement is so angered by in-ocean fish farms that it is awarding free licences for them to set up on land. In ocean licences now go for $9- to $12-million in auction. So the free on-land licences are a significant subsidy as well.
It is time to ask the question: why are fish farms raising Atlantic salmon in BC where there are five species of Pacific salmon? Why are fish farms in the ocean when all their problems can be eliminated on land? Why are fish farms raising carnivores that require the killing of many stocks of ocean fish that should be eaten by people?
Here is a new 2013 document that shows on-land, circulating systems make more money than in-ocean net-pen operations: http://tidescanada.org/wp-content/uploads/files/salmon/workshop-sept-2013/NEWD1-11TrondRostenandBrianVinci.pdf. It is a very technical document, but worth the effort of crunching through it. You will note that different assumptions give different results, but the last page says it all: production of fish on-land is not more expensive than in-ocean (note that this is stated in the negative based on the initial hypothesis statement)
Here is the CAAR symposium link on other closed containment studies: http://tidescanada.org/sal
mon/aquaculture-innovation-workshops-and-reports/.Here is the 2010 report written for SOS Marine Conservation Foundation, Technologies for Viable Salmon Aquaculture: http://www.findonnelly.ca/sites/default/files/Technologies_for_Viable_Salmon_Aquaculture.pdf.
SOS concluded that: there is no technical or economic barrier to closed containment salmon farm aquaculture for the production of salmon. Moreover, B.C. is advantageously provisioned for catalyzing an industrial change and for retaining the new emergent industry in B.C.
Here is the link to the Seachoice on-land circulating systems released April 8, 2013:
http://www.seachoice.org/seachoice-news/canadian-and-u-s-closed-containment-farmers-lead-the-way-in-ocean-friendly-seafood-solutions/. There are an additional 6 systems here.
Here is a link to a closed containment study at the end of 2014, Dec 27: http://fishfarmnews.blogspot.ca/2014/12/study-on-land-fish-farm-systems-make.html.
Here is a link to the Kuterra on-land system in BC. This is a good costing document, and retailers realize the difference and will stock Kuterra salmon, but not Marine Harvest, Cermaq nor Grieg Seafood: See this link: http://www.namgis.bc.ca/ccp/Pages/default.aspx.
Updated, Feb 5, 2015: In Norway each fish farm must pay $1.69 Million to get a licence. [Now, in Dec 2015, there are those free licences to set up on land.]
In BC, because we have very low fees, ($5171.25 X 130 = $67,000), it means we are subsidizing every farm to the tune of $2 million. What this means is that Norwegian-style fish farms have no argument for not being put on land because of cost. They are subsidized now $2 million.
We taxpayers are subsidizing the entire industry of, say, 130 farms (80 operating at any given time) to the tune of $260 million. This is 400% of the entire aquaculture contribution to GPP of $61.9 Million. Fish farms need to be on land, just like the 10,000 other actual on-land farms around the world.
Note that the Norwegian in-ocean licence of $9 to $12 M, means BC is subsidizing fish farms to the tune of $1.17 to $1.56 Billion to use our pristine ocean as a free open sewer.
See: http://www.reuters.com/article/2014/04/11/marine-harvest-licenses-idUSL6N0N338Y20140411.
Updated, May, 2015 The Conservation Fund Freshwater Institute (TCFFI), is producing farmed Atlantics in, get this, Norway. See the article which has a link to the research document: http://www.thefishsite.com/articles/2056/trends-in-salmonid-recirculating-aquaculture-systems/.
There is no need for the dinosaur old-tech in-ocean fish farms any more.
Updated, August 20, 2015, AKVA, listed below in number 26, is having its best year ever selling on-land fish farm systems, even in Norway, for Pete's sake: http://www.undercurrentnews.com/2015/08/20/akva-seeing-historically-high-interest-in-land-based-farming-amid-record-quarter-h1/?utm_source=Undercurrent+News+Alerts&utm_campaign=d35cf2dd4c-Europe_briefing_Aug_20_2015&utm_medium=email&utm_term=0_feb55e2e23-d35cf2dd4c-92426209.
Update to Oct 1, 2015: Fish 2.0, 2015, a competition for sustainable aquaculture projects. See: http://www.fish20.org/news/9-news/217-fish-2-0-new-prizes-7.
Updated, Oct 3, 2015: Here is a good organization of recirculating aquculture systems, in Norway no less: http://www.nordicras.net/Members/Industry. It is the Nordic Network on Recirculating Aquaculture Systems.
Updated, Oct 7, 2015: Here is a Powerpoint presentation on an on-land farm for rainbow trout in Canada. Most importantly, it gives the financial figures on building, production cycle to harvest: http://www.tidescanada.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/Dan_Stechey_-_The_Canadian_Model_Farm_Initiative.pdf.
****Updated, Oct 14, 2015. This is a really great summary Powerpoint presentation of a good 30 on-land RAS systems presented in Nanaimo, BC, Canada, 2015, along with financials and metric tonnes: http://www.palomaquaculture.com/support-files/palom-aquaculture-steve-summerfelt-ras-update-june-5-2015.pdf. The question is: how many is enough on-land fish farms before governments pull all in-ocean farms out of the water for their high environmental damage? After all, the only monetary advantage they have is getting off Scot free from their sewage costs, and those are paid for by us, the public, $10.4 Billion in BC alone. We don't want to pay.
Updated, Oct 17, 2015. To identify any BC in-ocean farm, see this DFO link: http://www.pac.dfo-mpo.gc.ca/aquaculture/licence-permis/docs/finfish-pisciculture-eng.html.
Updated, Oct 21, 2015: This is a cost-comparison, by Deloitte, of on-land, in-sea, and on-land and in-sea at different ages. The report says that on-land is the way of the future, because capital costs are lower than in-sea models and operating costs will drop, and growing fish at market site reduces shipping costs. It also sees a market for the three fish farm systems: http://fishfarminginternational.com/tag/land-based/.
Updated Nov 11, 2015, An economic analysis of Daninsh Model Trout: http://www.aquabestproject.eu/media/14594/aquabest_24_2014_report.pdf.
Updated Dec 30, 2015: This is the Dr. Summerfelt site for on-land farms, a USA site: http://www.conservationfund.org/our-experts/steve-summerfelt. A good, comprehensive site for on-land.
Updated Jan 20, 2016. The attached link lists thousands of on-land farms in Europe. Russia alone has 2500. These are in addition to the 127 I have found so far. While this report has a section on marine growth, most is about on land fish farms. See: http://www.aquafima.eu/export/sites/aquafima/documents/WP5/Actual-and-potential-aquaculture-locations-in-the-BSR_final-with-maps.pdf.
Updated Jan 29, 2016. This is a 2014 report by the Monterey Bay Aquarium, Seafood Watch ranking system, reporting on three on-land farms: Namgis, BC, West Virginia, TCFFI, USA and Atlantic Sapphire, Denmark. It shows what goes into a sound ranking system, unlike, say, the BAPs, ASCs and so on: http://www.seafoodwatch.org/-/m/sfw/pdf/reports/mba_seafoodwatch_atlanticsalmon_ras_report.pdf.
Here are the systems that I have found:
1. Agrimarine - BC, closed containment, in-ocean, Chinook, Middle Bay, steelhead Lois Lake. Also operates in China, and now Japan, raising bluefin tuna in the latter, Tokai University. Also starting in Norway. See: http://agrimarinetechnologies.com/.
2. Swift - BC, on land, Agassiz, coho, now called TriGen: https://www.linkedin.com/pub/bruce-swift/36/930/748
3. Aquaseed - WA, on land, coho. See: http://www.tidescanada.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/Per_Heggelund_Jim_Terry_-_Aquaseeds_Sweetspring_Salmon.pdf
4. Aquabounty – MA, Atlantic eggs for grow-out on land. See: http://aquabounty.com/.
5. Marine Harvest - BC - on-land hatchery, Sayward. Also Big Tree hatchery, and Prince Rupert.
6. Dr. Zohar - U of Maryland, low-density, in-sea, multi-product system. See: http://www.worldwatch.org/node/5718.
7. DeVine Industries - on-land system, fish meal from vegetable protein, Michigan, Florida.
8. Technologies for Viable Salmon Aquaculture - BC, on-land fish/mara culture systems. See above.
9. Ohio State – on-land, closed-containment. U:http://www.osu.edu/features/2007/fishfarm/. This system supports 200 on-land, closed and pond fish farms, raising perch, bluegill and shrimp.
10. Culture Hydroponiques of Ste. Agathe des Monts – Quebec, closed, on land, recirculating. Marc Laberge. 5000 lettuce every week as a crop from fish effluent. The process purifies water so it can be recirculated to the trout, producing 200 pounds of trout fillets per week.
11. K’udas Project, Namgis First Nation – BC, Van Isle, recirculating fresh water system above the Nimpkish River hatchery. DFO is a partner. Product in 2013. See: http://www.kuterra.com/.
12.Conservation Fund, American non-profit, Freshwater Institute - Shepherdstown, West VA, Dr. Steven Summerfelt, Atlantic Salmon, recirculating system, large scale, economically viable. See: http://www.conservationfund.org/our-experts/steve-summerfelt.
13. Sea Grant, U of Wisconsin – Milwaukie, WI, Growing Power, Fred Binkowski, recirculating system, perch and lettuce. Uses abandoned factories. Exporting technology to poor countries.
14. Grow Fish Anywhere, GFA - Israel, 40 litres water/ kg of fish, whereas in-water systems use 5 – 7.5 K water/per pound fish. Purpose: to grow fish anywhere in the world on land, especially close to cities where people live. No pollution. Bacteria eats waste, recirculating. www.growfishanywhere.com. Dr. Vossi Tal and Dr. Jaap Van Rijn.
15. Target Marine Products - Gray Creek Hatchery, Sechelt BC. Recirculating, on-land system, Atlantic salmon smolts and white sturgeon to adult size to harvest caviar.
16. Mood Harvest – Oslo, Norway, growing salmon in oil tankers, closed containment, anywhere in world. Expects first product in 3 – 4 years. 2014-2015.
17. The Plant – Chicago, IL, John Edel, integrated, multi-trophic Aquaculture, IMTA, tilapia, grown in typical apartment building or old factories. Shave 1500km average trip of product to market, reducing CO2 emissions and transport cost. Purpose: grow fish, vegetables in cities anywhere. Working on producing 260-kilowatt power from fish and plant waste.
18. Australis Aquaculture – Turner Falls, MA, closed-container, on-land system, barramundi, eggs to 2 pound market size, http://www.thebetterfish.com/, recirculating, 99% of water, fish waste donated to local farmers, raises 2 million pounds of fish per year, discharging only 15 lbs of waste per day, the equivalent of three human houses.
19. Australis Aquaculture – Vietnam, operates a different, in-ocean, low-density system, barramundi occupy <1% of cage volume. Both operations have a culture of environmental conscience in all phases of production.
20. Andalucia - tilapia, herbivorous, Industry Center of Agriculture Technical Assistance (Technova), works with a private company aiming to grow the species in greenhouses, a recirculating system in closed containers, at present in the sea.
21. Local Ocean - www.localoceans.com. Hudson. NY, closed-containment, on-land, recirculating with bacterial digestion of sewage, 99%, evaporation is the only water loss, flounder, sea bream, and many other species. Plant is tripling in size with aggressive growth to North America and Western world. Dr. Van Rijin (this an offshoot of Israel project).
22. Manitoba-Canadian Model Aqua-Farm – closed system, on land, recirculating, MB, Riddell’s Roasters plant, under the Interprovincial Partnership for Sustainable Freshwater Aquaculture Development. This is intended to provide all benchmark data for a transfer to land. 2010 – 2013.
23. Langsand Laks – Denland, on-land, closed, recirculating. Niche market for sustainable Atlantic Salmon. Another firm, Atlantic Sapphire, intends to open a US based farm at triple the size. Other Danish trout and salmon companies are also investors in Langsand. 2013 See, for 2015: http://www.atlanticsapphire.com/.
24. Astec Aquaculture Business & Science Centre – England, tropical, saltwater facilities, on land, for start-ups. Northumberland, North East England, provides an ideal base for aquaculture businesses of all sizes and at varying stages of development, with its unique combination of ‘plug in and go’ facilities and specialist business support services. . http://www.astecaquaculture.com/
25. InterAqua – Norway, on-land, closed, recirculating system for all species of fish. http://www.interaqua.dk/ras_plants.php.
26. AKVA – Norway, Canada, etc. – closed, on-land. Akvasmart recirculating 15 species of fish. Their growth performance is outstanding: turbot, halibut, rainbow trout. This has a good list of advantages of recirulating, including disease, temperature and water quality control, etc plus a good design of an entire plant. http://www.akvagroup.com/index.cfm?id=319215. Mainly an in-ocean company. In 2015, having the best year even in on-land systems: http://www.undercurrentnews.com/2015/08/20/akva-seeing-historically-high-interest-in-land-based-farming-amid-record-quarter-h1/?utm_source=Undercurrent+News+Alerts&utm_campaign=d35cf2dd4c-Europe_briefing_Aug_20_2015&utm_medium=email&utm_term=0_feb55e2e23-d35cf2dd4c-92426209.
27. PR Aqua – Canada, Nanaimo, Recirculating, closed, on-land. DFO uses this in Nanaimo. See: http://www.pac.dfo-mpo.gc.ca/science/facilities-installations/pbs-sbp/index-eng.htm.http://www.praqua.com/filtration.html. Their customers include Marine Harvest, Big Tree, for instance, Target, Israel, 100 tonne, Tilapia, small commercial. Chile, with MH. Grey Wolf in Sechelt. Redfish Ranch, Courtenay, 100 tonne tilapia, needing 28 degree water, ie 95% recirculating, since 2001).
28. Billund Aquakultur – Denmark – recirculating, closed, on-land, many species. A modular system, increasing plant size by adding discrete, water isolated, tanks. 300 ton eels, since 1984, but can be higher. Fresh water: Eel, Trout, Salmon, Sturgeon, Tilapia, Carps, Sea water: Sea bass, Sea bream, Turbot, Cod, Groupers, Snappers Cobia and Shrimps. Site: http://www.billund-aqua.dk/eng/eng.html. Images of plant components.
29. Sea Farm – Netherlands, Adri Bout, on-land, recirculating, 100 tons turbot. Highrise system of eight high, six inches deep. Uses waste for fertilizer, gravity runs the water down the raceways, not suitable for salmon – too shallow.
30. Alma Aquaculture Research Station – Ontario, closed containment, on land, up to 750,000 rainbow, tilapia, arctic char. It is the same size, on land, as fish farms in the ocean.
31. Recirculating Farms http://www.recirculatingfarms.org/. USA. An association of many farms that fosters on-land, closed, recirculating systems – to 100% - from small to commercial across the USA and around the world, for example, AquaRanch, in Illinois, tlapia and other species, Friendly Aquaponics, Hawaii. 30 years of research, scalable. See its facts and myths page: http://www.recirculatingfarms.org/downloads/asa_mythsfacts.pdf. Not salmon, but who says we need to grow salmon?
32. Canadian Aquaculture Systems – Canada, Daniel Stechey
33. Netherlands – 100% of fish farms are closed containment as their laws require all fish farms to do so.
34. Pakistan, there are 7,500 fish farms spread over 43,000 acres of land of the province, producing 44,300 metric tons per 1000 acre fish annually. The government has a Rs 2 bil program to promote these on-land farms. http://app.com.pk/en_/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=174453&Itemid=2.
35. Sebago Farms, Maine USA, an on-land, closed fish farm on a 72 acre site raising arctic char and steelhead, along with tomatoes and leaf vegetables. Reuses waste, heat, produces electicity, uses high tech pumping systems. Read: http://www.keepmecurrent.com/lakes_region_weekly/news/holy-mackerel-this-is-huge/article_81a2d52e-3d62-11e1-a938-0019bb2963f4.html.
36. There is the CAAR study, too in BC. Above.
37.Building Integrated Aquaculture, USA, U of Massachusetts, Amherst. Closed, recirculating, uses waste for hydroponics. And other innovative design features, for ex, humidity control. Purpose to put fish farms in every town where locally grown fish would be purchased. http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/02/120209172926.htm.
38. Jovana Farms, Nigeria, catfish. www.jovanafarm.com – a site with character. On-land in concrete or plywood and waterproof tarp. Local feed. Sales maturity in 6 months.
39. Shalon Fish Farms - Kahwa, Uganda, in ponds on land, tilapia, mirror-carp, catfish and tilapia-kyoga. Kahwa is selling his fish farm businesses to others. http://www.newvision.co.ug/news/629326-kahwa-s-success-spurs-him-to-preach-about-fish-farming.html.
40. Lashto Fish Farm, Caribbean Harvest, Haiti – tilapia. On land, solar powered 24/7. http://cleantechnica.com/2012/03/09/nbas-pheonix-suns-get-966-solar-panels-other-solar-power-project-news-7-stories/.
41. Willoughby
Aquatic Farm, Columbus,
Ohio, - yellow perch, closed
container on land. http://www.dispatch.com/content/stories/business/2012/03/11/its-going-swimmingly.html.
42. Urban Fish Farms,
New York, USA - tilapia, now individual
consumers are growing their own tilapia in their apartments, rather than buying
any kind of farmed fish. http://www.digtriad.com/video/default.aspx?bctid=1614013621001&odyssey=mod%7Cnewswell%7Ctext%7CFRONTPAGE%7Cfeatured.
43. Urban Farmers, Zurich, http://urbanfarmers.ch/. Tank on rooftop, concept farm at moment. 100 kg fish, 400 kg vegetables. Feeds four families of four, cucumber, squash, tomatoes, eggplant, melons, chard, carrots, peas, broccoli cabbage. Tilapia, salmon, trout.
44. Okayama, Japan, blue fin tuna, as in ka-ching. On land, recirculating system. Both salt and freshwater fish., adding sodium, potassium and other elements. http://www.fis.com/fis/worldnews/worldnews.asp?l=e&country=0&special=&monthyear=&day=&id=52026&ndb=1&df=0.
45. Niri AS – Niri Seafood Ireland Ltd – 3,300 tonnes of salmon from on-land, closed system. Reen Point. http://www.niri.ie/about. They say cheaper than Norway in-ocean product, and have grown to harvest there.
46. Namibia, Kalimbeza fish farm, tilapia, this is just one of many that the government is helping. http://www.newera.com.na/articles/44890/Kalimbeza-fish-farm-thriving.
47. Michigan State - USA. The state has a list of 52 fish farms operating in Michigan: http://www.michigan.gov/documents/mda/mda_aquaculture_192478_7.pdf. Species include bluegill, rainbow trout, perch, and so on.These are planting stock, dressed filet and fee fishing farms.
48. Willowfield Enterprises, Canada, BC, sockeye, steelhead, several farms, West Creek Farms, on-land, integrated use of fish waste, http://www.willowfield.net/pdf/POS.pdf.
49. Hickling’s Fish Farm, Inc., USA, bass for food and as stock, recirculating, http://www.hicklingsfishfarm.com/.
50. Efficient City Farming, perch, vegetables, Germany, a system for anyone to raise their own fish. http://www.guardian.co.uk/environment/2012/jun/04/rooftop-fish-farms-german-population.
51. First Ascent Fish Farm – Idaho, USA, live tilapia, http://magicvalley.com/lifestyles/food-and-cooking/buhl-fish-farm-sells-live-seafood-directly-to-local-consumers/article_83d714e8-ba91-11e1-b74a-001a4bcf887a.html.
52. WA, USA, Illinois grant, Olympia School District, hydroponics and tilapia in highschool. http://www.pantagraph.com/news/local/education/grant-to-aid-olympia-fish-farm-program/article_1204cc96-0f6b-11e2-8d6c-001a4bcf887a.html.
53. Fishfrom, Scotland, on-land, closed, recirculating, Atlantic Salmon. http://www.fishfrom.com/.
54. Otieno Okello, Maseno, Kisumu County, recirculating, Africa, http://www.businessdailyafrica.com/Farmers-bank-on-stimulus-to-serve-ready-fish-market/-/1248928/1659678/-/50wljfz/-/index.html
55. Marine Biotechnology in Baltimore, Maryland, indoor, recirculatng, no speices identified. http://www.worldwatch.org/node/5883.
56. Calcutta India, http://www.worldwatch.org/node/5883. Traditional ponds outside of Calcutta, India, called bheris, produce some 13,000 tons of fish a year for the city's 12 million inhabitants, and serve as critical bird habitat. But the bigger environmental service they provide is that the fish feed on the 600 million liters of raw sewage that spews from Calcutta daily, turning a health risk into a key urban crop. Although I would not eat fish that were fattened on human sewage, there must be dozens of on-land ponds. And Brian Halwell's article has info on other in-ocean fish farms that is out of date.
57. Icy Waters, Canada, Arctic Char. On land, outside in the Whitehorse, Yukon. Brr. http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/north/story/2013/03/18/north-yukon-arctic-char-fish-farm-icy-waters.html.
64. USA, Blue Ridge Aquaculture, Martinsville,VA, Tilapia,
76. Fredrikstad Seafood, Orkla, Atlantic Salmon, in Norway no less. Even Norway is getting on the band wagon getting fish farms on land where they belong. http://www.undercurrentnews.com/2015/03/30/orkla-backed-venture-gets-nod-for-land-based-salmon-farm/?utm_source=Undercurrent+News+Alerts&utm_campaign=4c715b6888-Americas_briefing_Mar_30_2015&utm_medium=email&utm_term=0_feb55e2e23-4c715b6888-92426209.
78. The Conservation Fund Freshwater Institute (TCFFI), Atlantic Salmon on-land, Norway: http://www.thefishsite.com/articles/2056/trends-in-salmonid-recirculating-aquaculture-systems/. Note that this one says that in-ocean licences are NOK 60Million, $10Million USA, far higher than I have seen before, but a great way to make fish farms move to land, as the saltwater licence fee would not be required.
79. Microdel, Nevada Sea Dream, USA,Chilean sea bass and Atlantic salmon. See: http://www.microdel.co.il/fish.asp.
80. GrowUp Urban Farms, London, England, tilapia and in 2015, also carp. See: http://growup.org.uk/.
81. Peru, gamitana, boquichico, sabolo in ponds that use pigs, chickens, cows to pass their waste into the pond and it supports the insects, plankton and so on that the fish eat. I would not eat such a fish, but this system is intended for wide use in hundreds of ponds in Peru on the edges of rain forest where it helps both feed the people, as well as keeps the rain forest from being cut down. See: http://www.solutions-site.org/kids/stories/KScat1_sol3.htm.
82. India, tilapia, Kerala State Fisheries Department, aquapoinics for waste and vegetables, recirculating. See: http://www.thefishsite.com/fishnews/25871/kerala-launches-new-aquaponics-project/.
Fifty new farms.
83. Bibo Co., China, rainbow trout, 600 tonnes/year, grown in the desert. See: http://www.thefishsite.com/fishnews/25996/chinese-trout-farm-helping-stop-desert-advance/.
84. Acadia Harvest, Maine, USA, California yellowtail. See: http://acadiaharvest.com/.
85. Sustainable Aquaculture Systems. Big Key, FL, USA, multiple species. Company intends to revolutionize fish farming by moving all farms to land. Will produce on-land fish farm systems. Could result in hundreds of on-land farms. See: https://gust.com/companies/sustainableaqua.
86. Canada, The Canadian Model Aqua-Farm Initiative, rainbow trout, constructing state of the art commercial land-based freshwater fish farm. This is on DFO’s own site. See: http://www.dfo-mpo.gc.ca/aquaculture/RD2009/R_D2009_e.pdf.
87. India, KVK, mullet, pearlspot, sea bass, grown in rice paddies, in open or caged fish, on land. Twice the profit of other methods. This has the potential to be thousands of farms. See: http://www.newindianexpress.com/cities/kochi/New-Fish-Farming-Method-Yields-Double-Profit/2015/07/22/article2932864.ece.
89. GeneSeas, Brazil, Tilapia and other species. On land, fish production system. See: http://geneseas.com.br/novo/sobre/a-tilapia/para-o-seu-negocio/.
90. AquaMaof Israel - any species, tilapia, for instance. RAS. This is a turn key operation from setting up to selling anywhere in the world on land. See: http://www.aquamaof.com/.
91. The Urban Farming Guys, USA, tilapia, and other species. See: http://theurbanfarmingguys.com/aquaponics-how-to?gclid=CKb9ut611scCFQGVfgod_eUGOA.
92. Pentair, England, and Urban Organics, Minnesota, USA, salmon, trout, char, join forces to set up an 87,000 square foot facility. See: http://pentairaes.com/learn-about-aquaculture/news-and-press-releases/pentair-and-urban-organics-collaborate-to-advance-aquaponics-industry.
93. Canaqua Seafood, Canada, NS halibut, salmon, etc. These fish are raised entirely in land-based systems, which clearly offer advantages over growing fish in sea-cages. At no time, from breeding to market, are they exposed to the pathogens and parasites encountered in the wild, nor are they subject to the temperature variations that occur on open-water sites. They cannot escape and mingle (or breed) with wild fish, a point of contention for some. - See more at: http://aquaculturenorthamerica.com/profiles/canadian-organic-salmon%3A-a-new-venture-for-canaqua-seafoods/#sthash.fFFMKzmh.dpuf.
94. Red Fish Tilapia, BC, Canada: www.redfishranch.com.
95. MDM Aqua Farms, AB, Canada, tilapia: www.mdaqua.ca
96. Taste of BC Aquafarm, Canada, Nanaimo, steelhead. See design: http://www.tidescanada.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/Steve_Atkinson_-_Taste_of_BC_Nanaimo_Land_Based_Steelhead_Model_Aquafarm_Update.pdf. Intended as a farm model. 2 mega tonne harvest weekly. In concert with PR Aqua - item 27 in this list..
97. Acadia Harvest, Maine, USA, yellowtail, black bass. RAS system. See: http://acadiaharvest.com/.
98. Tropenhaus in Frutigen, Switzerland, sturgeon. See: http://zesterdaily.com/world/swiss-oona-caviar/.
99. Quixotic Farming, Missouri USA, tilapia. See: http://www.quixoticfarming.com/.
100. Aquapri, Denmark, Trout, Pike Perch. See: http://aquapri.dk/home/our-new-pike-perch-plant/.
101. Svenskt Vattbruk, Sweden, pike, perch. Gearing up for three plants to harvest, 500 MT each. They point out that electricity use is low, and it is a myth that its cost is high. See: https://translate.google.ca/translate?hl=en&sl=sv&u=http://svenskfiskodling.se/%3Fpage_id%3D65&prev=search.
102. Nutriponics, AB Canada, tilapia. And a second farm will come on stream in NB next year. See: http://www.nutraponics.ca/.
103. Gigha Halibut, Scotland. See: http://www.gighahalibut.co.uk/.
These are from the Powerpoint presentation above, dated, Oct 14, 2015 update. Weblinks to come:
104. Golden Eagle, Canada, sablefish, Atlantic salmon. See: http://www.pac.dfo-mpo.gc.ca/aquaculture/licence-permis/docs/fresh-douce-eng.html.
105. Bell Aquaculture, USA, Indiana. Atlantic salmon and other species. Website under construction. See: http://www.bellaquaculture.com/. Up dating to 2017: Bell Aqua was bought by Bell Fish Company and an investment in that firm has been made by, Trive Aquaculture: https://www.undercurrentnews.com/2017/03/20/texas-pe-fund-invests-in-indiana-ras-farmer-bell/?utm_source=Undercurrent+News+Alerts&utm_campaign=82363cc410-Europe_briefing_Mar_21_2017&utm_medium=email&utm_term=0_feb55e2e23-82363cc410-92426209.
106. BDV, France, Atlantic salmon.
107. Danish Salmon, Denmark, Atlantic salmon. See: http://www.danishsalmon.dk/pres3.php?id=1.
108. Jurassic Salmon, Poland, Atlantic salmon. View the on-land operations: https://www.google.ca/search?q=Jurassic+Salmon,+Poland,+Atlantic+salmon.&espv=2&biw=1070&bih=461&tbm=isch&tbo=u&source=univ&sa=X&ved=0CFAQsARqFQoTCIjCyZqsickCFQvBYwod6owDJQ.
109. Shandong Oriental OT, China, Atlantic salmon. This gives you a rundown on the company: http://chinaag.org/2015/08/27/shandong-fishery-to-farm-1000-mts-of-atlantic-salmon-annually/. The company also does in-ocean.
110. Yantai, China, Atlantic salmon. A subsidiary of Shandong. 16 worshops: http://shandong.chinadaily.com.cn/yantai/2015-08/19/content_22152995.htm.
111. Stolt, USA, sturgeon. See: http://www.stolt-nielsen.com/Stolt-Sea-Farm/Our-Products/Sterling-Caviar.aspx. And: http://www.sterlingcaviar.com/select-your-country.html.
112. Danish Model Farms, Denmark, trout. An economic analysis: http://www.aquabestproject.eu/media/14594/aquabest_24_2014_report.pdf.
113. Aquatic, sturgeon, Moldavia.
114. Xinjiang, China, Gobi Desert no less, steelhead.
115. Hudson Valley, USA, NY, steelhead. See: http://www.hudsonvalleyfishfarms.com/our_feed.html.
116. Hayashi, Japan, steelhead.
117. Spring Salmon, USA, WA, steelhead.
118. Lauka, Finland, Atlantic salmon and other species. National Resources Institute of Finland (Luke) opened a recirculating aquaculture (RAC) testing and learning environment at the Laukaa fish farm: http://fishfarminginternational.com/could-finland-be-the-next-aquaculture-powerhouse/, and: https://www.undercurrentnews.com/2015/10/21/finland-launches-new-recirculating-aquaculture-development-environment/?utm_source=Undercurrent+News+Alerts&utm_campaign=383d5e1e0e-Europe_briefing_Oct_21_2015&utm_medium=email&utm_term=0_feb55e2e23-383d5e1e0e-92426209.
119. Marine Harvest, Norway, Moines, Atlantic Salmon. Well, for Pete's sake, the first big company to see the light on where sustainable fish farming has to go: on land. See: http://fishfarminginternational.com/marine-harvest-launches-first-closed-containment-cage-in-norway/.
120. New Global Energy, US, tilapia. A big plant: http://www.newglobalenergy.net/investor-relations.
121. Marine Harvest, BC, Canada, Atlantic Salmon. Yes, I almost fell off my chair when I read MH's stuff about what it is doing in BC, to grow fish to marketable size on land. Now, don't be fooled by their spin that they have been leading the way for decades, and now the other companies can get in touch for details. After all, they are 121. on this list. See: http://mccollmagazine.com/index.php/business-news/171-time-worthy-business-construct.
122. Akvafarm Rjukan AS, Norway, Atlantic salmon. Atlantis Subsea Farming. See: http://www.nrk.no/telemark/planlegger-norges-forste-laksefarm-pa-land-1.12593457.
123. Great American Aquaculture, USA,seabass, Connecticut. See: http://fishfarminginternational.com/building-a-land-based-community-based-farm-in-the-us/?inf_contact_key=c71f3f7cf69f5dca771892efa302968478947c467585db020299fbba699a1333. And: http://www.greatameraqua.com/.
124. Biorefining Corporaton, USA, Canton, Indiana- 20 million pounds of unspecified fish. See: https://www.undercurrentnews.com/2016/01/12/150m-aquaculture-aquaponics-project-planned-for-indiana/.
125. Monterey Bluewater Farms. USA. Yellow tail and more. Being built: 400,000 sq ft. See: http://www.seafoodnews.com/Story/1005513/Proposal-Wants-to-Build-400000-Sq-Ft-Hamachi-Farm-in-Moss-Landging-Near-Monterey-Bay.
126. Clear Springs, USA, Rainbow Trout. See: http://www.clearsprings.com/foodservice/.
127. Gibraltar-based Rodsel Group, Zamora, Spain, 3,000t by 2020, See:
https://www.undercurrentnews.com/reports/?utm_source=Undercurrent+News+Alerts&utm_campaign=9f10df1c49-Europe_briefing_Jan_20_2016&utm_medium=email&utm_term=0_feb55e2e23-9f10df1c49-92426209.
128. UNH, USA, Steelhead Trout: http://fishfarminginternational.com/video-new-hampshire-raised-trout/?inf_contact_key=a58be672521dd67667c07524bf4acf1b4b194031740d229f90696109d8ce5bcf.
129. Global Fish, tilapia, Poland. See: http://www.seafoodnews.com/Story/1005526/Polands-Global-Fish-Gets-ASC-Certification-for-its-Land-Based-Tilapia-Farm.
130. Sustainable Fish Farming Ltd., Atlantic salmon, Canada, NS. See: http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/nova-scotia/nova-scotia-salmon-farmed-on-land-brought-to-market-1.3227754.
131.Golden Harvest Aquaculture, NZ, silver carp. See: http://www.nzherald.co.nz/rotorua-daily-post/news/article.cfm?c_id=1503438&objectid=11584399, and, http://www.scoop.co.nz/stories/AK1602/S00142/developers-response-to-concerns-about-carp-farm-in-taupo.htm.
132. Matorka, Arctic Char, Iceland. Headquartered in Switzerland. Has a good section on benefits of on-land versus in-sea fish farms. See: http://www.matorka.is/AboutUs/.
133. Pstrag Pustelnia, Poland, carp, trout, sturgeon in ponds: http://pstragpustelnia.pl/.
134. Pentair, Tilapia, USA, Guyana and Etc. These guys are aggressively going after all on-land applications of fish farms. See: http://pentairaes.com/.
135. Oceanwise, East Cape Fish Farm, UK and South Africa, Dust Kob, other species, many farms. See: http://www.oceanwise.co.za/.
136. Aquapri, Pike perch, Denmark: http://aquapri.dk/products/pike-perch/.
137. Bench, farmer, barramundi, Australia: https://www.undercurrentnews.com/2016/04/15/aussie-cattle-farmers-turn-their-hand-to-barramundi-farming/?utm_source=Undercurrent+News+Alerts&utm_campaign=59cdb030b6-Europe_briefing_Apr_18_2016&utm_medium=email&utm_term=0_feb55e2e23-59cdb030b6-92426209.
138. Marine Harvest - Poland, On Land Salmon Farm, ‘Jurassic Salmon’: https://www.undercurrentnews.com/2016/04/29/marine-harvest-to-sell-land-farmed-jurassic-salmon/?utm_source=Undercurrent+News+Alerts&utm_campaign=b7703b1023-Salmon_roundup_Apr_29_2016&utm_medium=email&utm_term=0_feb55e2e23-b7703b1023-92426209. Using geothermal water. Wow! Marine Harvest. Catch me as I fall off my chair.
139. Oman - Oman starts planning new land-based fish farm (https://www.undercurrentnews.com/2016/05/03/oman-starts-planning-new-land-based-fish-farm/?utm_source=Undercurrent+News+Alerts&utm_campaign=9c1d560545-Europe_briefing_May_03_2016&utm_medium=email&utm_term=0_feb55e2e23-9c1d560545-92426209.HESY systems support more than 20 species, including Sea Bream, Cobia, Grouper, Snapper, White fish, Sole, Yellowtail Kingfish, and Catfish.
140. HESY Aquaculture, Netherlands, multiple species, RAS. 200 farms around the world: http://www.hesy.com/home/.
141. Bibo Company - China, rainbow trout. Also about desertification remediation by building on-land farm: http://www.channelnewsasia.com/news/asiapacific/fish-farming-in-china/1963542.html.
142. Regal Springs, Tilapia - Miramar, is among the largest single producers of farmed tilapia in the world. In 2014, the company estimates it will supply 60 percent of the fresh tilapia sold in the United States, about 36 million pounds. Regal Springs also holds about 8 percent of the market share of frozen tilapia sold in the U.S., about 40 million pounds: http://www.miamiherald.com/2014/03/09/3981851/the-king-of-fresh-tilapia.html.
56. Calcutta India, http://www.worldwatch.org/node/5883. Traditional ponds outside of Calcutta, India, called bheris, produce some 13,000 tons of fish a year for the city's 12 million inhabitants, and serve as critical bird habitat. But the bigger environmental service they provide is that the fish feed on the 600 million liters of raw sewage that spews from Calcutta daily, turning a health risk into a key urban crop. Although I would not eat fish that were fattened on human sewage, there must be dozens of on-land ponds. And Brian Halwell's article has info on other in-ocean fish farms that is out of date.
57. Icy Waters, Canada, Arctic Char. On land, outside in the Whitehorse, Yukon. Brr. http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/north/story/2013/03/18/north-yukon-arctic-char-fish-farm-icy-waters.html.
58. Tilapia, MDM Aqua
Farms, Rumsey, Alberta, Canada, http://www.mdmaqua.ca/, website
unavailable, 04/19/2013
59. Halibut, Scotia
Halibut (Nova Scotia), http://www.halibut.ns.ca, landbased,
Wood’s Harbour, Clark’s Harbour.
60. Sea Bream/Sea bass,
Sustainable Blue, Nova Scotia,
Sea Bream/Sea bass – http://www.sustainableblue.com/, land
based, recirculating. Now Sustainable Blue is raising its first group of Atlantic salmon on land in closed containment: http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/nova-scotia/nova-scotia-moves-its-first-batch-of-land-raised-salmon-1.1332529. And the NS on land fish farm harvested in Sept 2015: http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/nova-scotia/nova-scotia-salmon-farmed-on-land-brought-to-market-1.3227754.
61. Yellow Perch, Bell Aquaculture,
Indiana, USA,
http://www.bellaquaculture.com/about-bell-aquaculture/history-of-bell-aquaculture/.
Landbased.
62. Tilapia, Canada,
Courtenay BC,
http://www.redfishranch.com/,
Redfish Ranch.
63. Nova Scotia, 11 on-land systems
raising adult fish. http://thechronicleherald.ca/novascotia/124757-inland-fish-farm-may-signal-new-wave.
64. USA, Blue Ridge Aquaculture, Martinsville,VA, Tilapia,
http://www.blueridgeaquaculture.com/, 4 million pounds per year
65. The Business Place, Cape Town, South Africa, Alan Fleming, a system in a shipping container that raises four tons of fish per year. "profitable, affordable, repeatable, transportable, lockable and stackable". $18,500 US.
66. Denmark, half of the industry is RAS. See: http://www.thefishsite.com/fishnews/22629/more-focus-on-ras-in-new-danish-aquaculture-strategyhttp://www.thefishsite.com/fishnews/22629/more-focus-on-ras-in-new-danish-aquaculture-strategy. Read also this about 1000 tonne harvest from farm: http://www.undercurrentnews.com/2014/01/20/danish-on-land-salmon-farm-aims-for-1000t-harvest/.
67. Bill Martin's tilapia factory in Martinsville, Va, USA: http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2014/04/07/298333029/the-future-of-clean-green-fish-farming-could-be-indoor-factories.
68. Efficient City Farming, barramundi, Berlin Germany: http://www.dailytimes.com.pk/business/19-May-2014/berlin-start-up-pioneers-fish-farm-veggie-garden.
69. Oceanthix, Hong Kong, grouper grown in high rises, on land: http://www.bbc.com/news/business-26627408
71. North Korea, Kim Jong-un, catfish, on land, in closed containment. No sense of humour, but has on-land fish farms. Very sensible. See: http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2885133/So-kill-time-North-Korea-internet-goes-Kim-Jong-visits-fish-farm-country-s-web-access-cut-off.html
72. VeroBlue, Ohio, barramundi, 40 million pounds of fish. This is a new development. See: http://verobluefarms.com/. Here is a progress report on Aug 24, 2016: http://www.radioiowa.com/2016/05/17/iowa-will-be-home-to-north-americas-biggest-land-based-fish-farm/.
74. Norway, Atlantic salmon. Even Norway is getting on the band wagon, showing that fish should be raised in closed containment as it eliminates lice problems and could likely be extended to 4 kilo fish. See: http://www.thefishsite.com/articles/2011/high-survival-rate-for-postsmolt-in-closed-facilties.65. The Business Place, Cape Town, South Africa, Alan Fleming, a system in a shipping container that raises four tons of fish per year. "profitable, affordable, repeatable, transportable, lockable and stackable". $18,500 US.
66. Denmark, half of the industry is RAS. See: http://www.thefishsite.com/fishnews/22629/more-focus-on-ras-in-new-danish-aquaculture-strategyhttp://www.thefishsite.com/fishnews/22629/more-focus-on-ras-in-new-danish-aquaculture-strategy. Read also this about 1000 tonne harvest from farm: http://www.undercurrentnews.com/2014/01/20/danish-on-land-salmon-farm-aims-for-1000t-harvest/.
67. Bill Martin's tilapia factory in Martinsville, Va, USA: http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2014/04/07/298333029/the-future-of-clean-green-fish-farming-could-be-indoor-factories.
68. Efficient City Farming, barramundi, Berlin Germany: http://www.dailytimes.com.pk/business/19-May-2014/berlin-start-up-pioneers-fish-farm-veggie-garden.
69. Oceanthix, Hong Kong, grouper grown in high rises, on land: http://www.bbc.com/news/business-26627408
71. North Korea, Kim Jong-un, catfish, on land, in closed containment. No sense of humour, but has on-land fish farms. Very sensible. See: http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2885133/So-kill-time-North-Korea-internet-goes-Kim-Jong-visits-fish-farm-country-s-web-access-cut-off.html
72. VeroBlue, Ohio, barramundi, 40 million pounds of fish. This is a new development. See: http://verobluefarms.com/. Here is a progress report on Aug 24, 2016: http://www.radioiowa.com/2016/05/17/iowa-will-be-home-to-north-americas-biggest-land-based-fish-farm/.
73. Kenya, tilapia, catfish, trout, etc.
Fish farm pond construction for fish farms all over Kenya, potentially
thousands (This is in addition to the more than 8,000 actual on-land farms noted in the title above). See: http://www.infonet-biovision.org/default/ct/277/animalKeeping.
See also for a good article on
construction: http://www.thefishsite.com/articles/2021/how-to-construct-a-semiintensive-pond-for-aquaculture. Here is a 2015 article: http://mweafish.com/fish-farming-in-kenya/recirculating-aquaculture-systems-in-kenya-phase-1.html.
76. Fredrikstad Seafood, Orkla, Atlantic Salmon, in Norway no less. Even Norway is getting on the band wagon getting fish farms on land where they belong. http://www.undercurrentnews.com/2015/03/30/orkla-backed-venture-gets-nod-for-land-based-salmon-farm/?utm_source=Undercurrent+News+Alerts&utm_campaign=4c715b6888-Americas_briefing_Mar_30_2015&utm_medium=email&utm_term=0_feb55e2e23-4c715b6888-92426209.
78. The Conservation Fund Freshwater Institute (TCFFI), Atlantic Salmon on-land, Norway: http://www.thefishsite.com/articles/2056/trends-in-salmonid-recirculating-aquaculture-systems/. Note that this one says that in-ocean licences are NOK 60Million, $10Million USA, far higher than I have seen before, but a great way to make fish farms move to land, as the saltwater licence fee would not be required.
79. Microdel, Nevada Sea Dream, USA,Chilean sea bass and Atlantic salmon. See: http://www.microdel.co.il/fish.asp.
80. GrowUp Urban Farms, London, England, tilapia and in 2015, also carp. See: http://growup.org.uk/.
81. Peru, gamitana, boquichico, sabolo in ponds that use pigs, chickens, cows to pass their waste into the pond and it supports the insects, plankton and so on that the fish eat. I would not eat such a fish, but this system is intended for wide use in hundreds of ponds in Peru on the edges of rain forest where it helps both feed the people, as well as keeps the rain forest from being cut down. See: http://www.solutions-site.org/kids/stories/KScat1_sol3.htm.
82. India, tilapia, Kerala State Fisheries Department, aquapoinics for waste and vegetables, recirculating. See: http://www.thefishsite.com/fishnews/25871/kerala-launches-new-aquaponics-project/.
Fifty new farms.
83. Bibo Co., China, rainbow trout, 600 tonnes/year, grown in the desert. See: http://www.thefishsite.com/fishnews/25996/chinese-trout-farm-helping-stop-desert-advance/.
84. Acadia Harvest, Maine, USA, California yellowtail. See: http://acadiaharvest.com/.
85. Sustainable Aquaculture Systems. Big Key, FL, USA, multiple species. Company intends to revolutionize fish farming by moving all farms to land. Will produce on-land fish farm systems. Could result in hundreds of on-land farms. See: https://gust.com/companies/sustainableaqua.
86. Canada, The Canadian Model Aqua-Farm Initiative, rainbow trout, constructing state of the art commercial land-based freshwater fish farm. This is on DFO’s own site. See: http://www.dfo-mpo.gc.ca/aquaculture/RD2009/R_D2009_e.pdf.
87. India, KVK, mullet, pearlspot, sea bass, grown in rice paddies, in open or caged fish, on land. Twice the profit of other methods. This has the potential to be thousands of farms. See: http://www.newindianexpress.com/cities/kochi/New-Fish-Farming-Method-Yields-Double-Profit/2015/07/22/article2932864.ece.
89. GeneSeas, Brazil, Tilapia and other species. On land, fish production system. See: http://geneseas.com.br/novo/sobre/a-tilapia/para-o-seu-negocio/.
90. AquaMaof Israel - any species, tilapia, for instance. RAS. This is a turn key operation from setting up to selling anywhere in the world on land. See: http://www.aquamaof.com/.
91. The Urban Farming Guys, USA, tilapia, and other species. See: http://theurbanfarmingguys.com/aquaponics-how-to?gclid=CKb9ut611scCFQGVfgod_eUGOA.
92. Pentair, England, and Urban Organics, Minnesota, USA, salmon, trout, char, join forces to set up an 87,000 square foot facility. See: http://pentairaes.com/learn-about-aquaculture/news-and-press-releases/pentair-and-urban-organics-collaborate-to-advance-aquaponics-industry.
93. Canaqua Seafood, Canada, NS halibut, salmon, etc. These fish are raised entirely in land-based systems, which clearly offer advantages over growing fish in sea-cages. At no time, from breeding to market, are they exposed to the pathogens and parasites encountered in the wild, nor are they subject to the temperature variations that occur on open-water sites. They cannot escape and mingle (or breed) with wild fish, a point of contention for some. - See more at: http://aquaculturenorthamerica.com/profiles/canadian-organic-salmon%3A-a-new-venture-for-canaqua-seafoods/#sthash.fFFMKzmh.dpuf.
94. Red Fish Tilapia, BC, Canada: www.redfishranch.com.
95. MDM Aqua Farms, AB, Canada, tilapia: www.mdaqua.ca
96. Taste of BC Aquafarm, Canada, Nanaimo, steelhead. See design: http://www.tidescanada.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/Steve_Atkinson_-_Taste_of_BC_Nanaimo_Land_Based_Steelhead_Model_Aquafarm_Update.pdf. Intended as a farm model. 2 mega tonne harvest weekly. In concert with PR Aqua - item 27 in this list..
97. Acadia Harvest, Maine, USA, yellowtail, black bass. RAS system. See: http://acadiaharvest.com/.
98. Tropenhaus in Frutigen, Switzerland, sturgeon. See: http://zesterdaily.com/world/swiss-oona-caviar/.
99. Quixotic Farming, Missouri USA, tilapia. See: http://www.quixoticfarming.com/.
100. Aquapri, Denmark, Trout, Pike Perch. See: http://aquapri.dk/home/our-new-pike-perch-plant/.
101. Svenskt Vattbruk, Sweden, pike, perch. Gearing up for three plants to harvest, 500 MT each. They point out that electricity use is low, and it is a myth that its cost is high. See: https://translate.google.ca/translate?hl=en&sl=sv&u=http://svenskfiskodling.se/%3Fpage_id%3D65&prev=search.
102. Nutriponics, AB Canada, tilapia. And a second farm will come on stream in NB next year. See: http://www.nutraponics.ca/.
103. Gigha Halibut, Scotland. See: http://www.gighahalibut.co.uk/.
These are from the Powerpoint presentation above, dated, Oct 14, 2015 update. Weblinks to come:
104. Golden Eagle, Canada, sablefish, Atlantic salmon. See: http://www.pac.dfo-mpo.gc.ca/aquaculture/licence-permis/docs/fresh-douce-eng.html.
105. Bell Aquaculture, USA, Indiana. Atlantic salmon and other species. Website under construction. See: http://www.bellaquaculture.com/. Up dating to 2017: Bell Aqua was bought by Bell Fish Company and an investment in that firm has been made by, Trive Aquaculture: https://www.undercurrentnews.com/2017/03/20/texas-pe-fund-invests-in-indiana-ras-farmer-bell/?utm_source=Undercurrent+News+Alerts&utm_campaign=82363cc410-Europe_briefing_Mar_21_2017&utm_medium=email&utm_term=0_feb55e2e23-82363cc410-92426209.
106. BDV, France, Atlantic salmon.
107. Danish Salmon, Denmark, Atlantic salmon. See: http://www.danishsalmon.dk/pres3.php?id=1.
108. Jurassic Salmon, Poland, Atlantic salmon. View the on-land operations: https://www.google.ca/search?q=Jurassic+Salmon,+Poland,+Atlantic+salmon.&espv=2&biw=1070&bih=461&tbm=isch&tbo=u&source=univ&sa=X&ved=0CFAQsARqFQoTCIjCyZqsickCFQvBYwod6owDJQ.
109. Shandong Oriental OT, China, Atlantic salmon. This gives you a rundown on the company: http://chinaag.org/2015/08/27/shandong-fishery-to-farm-1000-mts-of-atlantic-salmon-annually/. The company also does in-ocean.
110. Yantai, China, Atlantic salmon. A subsidiary of Shandong. 16 worshops: http://shandong.chinadaily.com.cn/yantai/2015-08/19/content_22152995.htm.
111. Stolt, USA, sturgeon. See: http://www.stolt-nielsen.com/Stolt-Sea-Farm/Our-Products/Sterling-Caviar.aspx. And: http://www.sterlingcaviar.com/select-your-country.html.
112. Danish Model Farms, Denmark, trout. An economic analysis: http://www.aquabestproject.eu/media/14594/aquabest_24_2014_report.pdf.
113. Aquatic, sturgeon, Moldavia.
114. Xinjiang, China, Gobi Desert no less, steelhead.
115. Hudson Valley, USA, NY, steelhead. See: http://www.hudsonvalleyfishfarms.com/our_feed.html.
116. Hayashi, Japan, steelhead.
117. Spring Salmon, USA, WA, steelhead.
118. Lauka, Finland, Atlantic salmon and other species. National Resources Institute of Finland (Luke) opened a recirculating aquaculture (RAC) testing and learning environment at the Laukaa fish farm: http://fishfarminginternational.com/could-finland-be-the-next-aquaculture-powerhouse/, and: https://www.undercurrentnews.com/2015/10/21/finland-launches-new-recirculating-aquaculture-development-environment/?utm_source=Undercurrent+News+Alerts&utm_campaign=383d5e1e0e-Europe_briefing_Oct_21_2015&utm_medium=email&utm_term=0_feb55e2e23-383d5e1e0e-92426209.
119. Marine Harvest, Norway, Moines, Atlantic Salmon. Well, for Pete's sake, the first big company to see the light on where sustainable fish farming has to go: on land. See: http://fishfarminginternational.com/marine-harvest-launches-first-closed-containment-cage-in-norway/.
120. New Global Energy, US, tilapia. A big plant: http://www.newglobalenergy.net/investor-relations.
121. Marine Harvest, BC, Canada, Atlantic Salmon. Yes, I almost fell off my chair when I read MH's stuff about what it is doing in BC, to grow fish to marketable size on land. Now, don't be fooled by their spin that they have been leading the way for decades, and now the other companies can get in touch for details. After all, they are 121. on this list. See: http://mccollmagazine.com/index.php/business-news/171-time-worthy-business-construct.
122. Akvafarm Rjukan AS, Norway, Atlantic salmon. Atlantis Subsea Farming. See: http://www.nrk.no/telemark/planlegger-norges-forste-laksefarm-pa-land-1.12593457.
123. Great American Aquaculture, USA,seabass, Connecticut. See: http://fishfarminginternational.com/building-a-land-based-community-based-farm-in-the-us/?inf_contact_key=c71f3f7cf69f5dca771892efa302968478947c467585db020299fbba699a1333. And: http://www.greatameraqua.com/.
124. Biorefining Corporaton, USA, Canton, Indiana- 20 million pounds of unspecified fish. See: https://www.undercurrentnews.com/2016/01/12/150m-aquaculture-aquaponics-project-planned-for-indiana/.
125. Monterey Bluewater Farms. USA. Yellow tail and more. Being built: 400,000 sq ft. See: http://www.seafoodnews.com/Story/1005513/Proposal-Wants-to-Build-400000-Sq-Ft-Hamachi-Farm-in-Moss-Landging-Near-Monterey-Bay.
126. Clear Springs, USA, Rainbow Trout. See: http://www.clearsprings.com/foodservice/.
127. Gibraltar-based Rodsel Group, Zamora, Spain, 3,000t by 2020, See:
https://www.undercurrentnews.com/reports/?utm_source=Undercurrent+News+Alerts&utm_campaign=9f10df1c49-Europe_briefing_Jan_20_2016&utm_medium=email&utm_term=0_feb55e2e23-9f10df1c49-92426209.
128. UNH, USA, Steelhead Trout: http://fishfarminginternational.com/video-new-hampshire-raised-trout/?inf_contact_key=a58be672521dd67667c07524bf4acf1b4b194031740d229f90696109d8ce5bcf.
129. Global Fish, tilapia, Poland. See: http://www.seafoodnews.com/Story/1005526/Polands-Global-Fish-Gets-ASC-Certification-for-its-Land-Based-Tilapia-Farm.
130. Sustainable Fish Farming Ltd., Atlantic salmon, Canada, NS. See: http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/nova-scotia/nova-scotia-salmon-farmed-on-land-brought-to-market-1.3227754.
131.Golden Harvest Aquaculture, NZ, silver carp. See: http://www.nzherald.co.nz/rotorua-daily-post/news/article.cfm?c_id=1503438&objectid=11584399, and, http://www.scoop.co.nz/stories/AK1602/S00142/developers-response-to-concerns-about-carp-farm-in-taupo.htm.
132. Matorka, Arctic Char, Iceland. Headquartered in Switzerland. Has a good section on benefits of on-land versus in-sea fish farms. See: http://www.matorka.is/AboutUs/.
133. Pstrag Pustelnia, Poland, carp, trout, sturgeon in ponds: http://pstragpustelnia.pl/.
134. Pentair, Tilapia, USA, Guyana and Etc. These guys are aggressively going after all on-land applications of fish farms. See: http://pentairaes.com/.
135. Oceanwise, East Cape Fish Farm, UK and South Africa, Dust Kob, other species, many farms. See: http://www.oceanwise.co.za/.
136. Aquapri, Pike perch, Denmark: http://aquapri.dk/products/pike-perch/.
137. Bench, farmer, barramundi, Australia: https://www.undercurrentnews.com/2016/04/15/aussie-cattle-farmers-turn-their-hand-to-barramundi-farming/?utm_source=Undercurrent+News+Alerts&utm_campaign=59cdb030b6-Europe_briefing_Apr_18_2016&utm_medium=email&utm_term=0_feb55e2e23-59cdb030b6-92426209.
138. Marine Harvest - Poland, On Land Salmon Farm, ‘Jurassic Salmon’: https://www.undercurrentnews.com/2016/04/29/marine-harvest-to-sell-land-farmed-jurassic-salmon/?utm_source=Undercurrent+News+Alerts&utm_campaign=b7703b1023-Salmon_roundup_Apr_29_2016&utm_medium=email&utm_term=0_feb55e2e23-b7703b1023-92426209. Using geothermal water. Wow! Marine Harvest. Catch me as I fall off my chair.
139. Oman - Oman starts planning new land-based fish farm (https://www.undercurrentnews.com/2016/05/03/oman-starts-planning-new-land-based-fish-farm/?utm_source=Undercurrent+News+Alerts&utm_campaign=9c1d560545-Europe_briefing_May_03_2016&utm_medium=email&utm_term=0_feb55e2e23-9c1d560545-92426209.HESY systems support more than 20 species, including Sea Bream, Cobia, Grouper, Snapper, White fish, Sole, Yellowtail Kingfish, and Catfish.
140. HESY Aquaculture, Netherlands, multiple species, RAS. 200 farms around the world: http://www.hesy.com/home/.
141. Bibo Company - China, rainbow trout. Also about desertification remediation by building on-land farm: http://www.channelnewsasia.com/news/asiapacific/fish-farming-in-china/1963542.html.
142. Regal Springs, Tilapia - Miramar, is among the largest single producers of farmed tilapia in the world. In 2014, the company estimates it will supply 60 percent of the fresh tilapia sold in the United States, about 36 million pounds. Regal Springs also holds about 8 percent of the market share of frozen tilapia sold in the U.S., about 40 million pounds: http://www.miamiherald.com/2014/03/09/3981851/the-king-of-fresh-tilapia.html.
Thanks for this mega-list. Bookmarked!
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THANKS!
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