As hard as it may be to be believed, DFO, April 22, 2013 in the Tumbler Ridge News: http://tumblerridgenews.com/?p=10703. stated once again that there is no ISA in BC farmed or wild salmon.
“The fact remains that there has never been a confirmed case of ISA in
British Columbia salmon – farmed or wild. Anyone who suspects a case of
ISA must report it to CFIA. CFIA will then investigate. The disease
must be confirmed using international World Organization for Animal Health (OIE) recognized protocols.”
One gets weary of this ongoing denial of what DFO knows to be the truth. And it is wild salmon and BC that suffer at Ottawa's hand.
But I guess I will have to state the truth once again that: the world level OIE labs, Kibenge, and Nylund have both found ISA in BC wild salmon. Miller, who works for DFO, in BC, has found ISA and HSMI in 25% of Clayoquot Sound farmed chinook salmon. And she has found ISA back to 1988 in wild salmon, particularly sockeye.
In Clayoquot Sound, the wild chinook are down to 501 fish. This is extermination level and DFO continues saying there is no ISA in BC. It is stunning. Miller's work showed 125,000 to 250,000 farmed chinook per farm having ISA and HSMI. DFO is managing BC salmon into extinction. In the Sound, there are 22 fish farms, that is how bad this is, probably 15 Million farmed salmon. Against 501 wild chinook. Little wonder the chinook are almost extinct and the Kennedy Lake sockeye run, once the largest on Vancouver Island, collapsed almost a decade ago and has never recovered. There are trillions of viral particles in the Sound.
Once again, here is another truth that cannot be changed by claiming the opposite: DFO, the CFIA, their Moncton lab and the BC testing system were all discredited at the Cohen Commission by the experts.
It is time for BC residents to take salmon back from DFO, get the fish
farms out of the water and on land, and begin the long long work of
habitat restoration required - because DFO hasn't done it - to bring
salmon back. They will all be dead if we don't.
Tuesday, 23 April 2013
Friday, 19 April 2013
64 On-land Fish Farm Systems, Comprising more than 8,100 On land Fish Farms Around the World, Updated Sept 15, 2013
Here are another six links to on-land fish farms. That makes 63 on-land, mostly recirculating fish farm systems I have found without really looking. They comprise some 8,100 actual on-land farms around the world.
In-ocean fish farms are old-tech dinosaurs and should be legislated out of the water to save the pristine environments, and wild fish stocks. It is so simple.
Go to this link to visit all the on-land fish farm systems I have found: http://fishfarmnews.blogspot.ca/2012/01/key-document-34-mostly-on-land-closed.html. If you have trouble, just go to the posts for January 2012 and you will find it.
Here are the new sites. Six links, but actually sixteen more on-land fish farms:
Now, Sept 15, 2013, Sustainable Blue now has its first group of on-land, closed containment Atlantic salmon. See: 3http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/nova-scotia/nova-scotia-moves-its-first-batch-of-land-raised-salmon-1.1332529.
In-ocean fish farms are old-tech dinosaurs and should be legislated out of the water to save the pristine environments, and wild fish stocks. It is so simple.
Go to this link to visit all the on-land fish farm systems I have found: http://fishfarmnews.blogspot.ca/2012/01/key-document-34-mostly-on-land-closed.html. If you have trouble, just go to the posts for January 2012 and you will find it.
Here are the new sites. Six links, but actually sixteen more on-land fish farms:
1. Tilapia, MDM Aqua
Farms, Rumsey, Alberta, Canada, http://www.mdmaqua.ca/, website
unavailable, 04/19/2013
2. Halibut, Scotia
Halibut (Nova Scotia), http://www.halibut.ns.ca, landbased,
Wood’s Harbour, Clark’s Harbour.
3. Sea Bream/Sea bass,
Sustainable Blue, Nova Scotia,
Sea Bream/Sea bass – http://www.sustainableblue.com/, land
based, recirculating.
4. Yellow Perch, Bell Aquaculture,
Indiana, USA,
http://www.bellaquaculture.com/about-bell-aquaculture/history-of-bell-aquaculture/.
Landbased.
5. Tilapia, Canada,
Courtenay BC,
http://www.redfishranch.com/,
Redfish Ranch.
6. Nova Scotia, 11 on-land systems
raising adult fish. http://thechronicleherald.ca/novascotia/124757-inland-fish-farm-may-signal-new-wave.
Now, Sept 15, 2013, Sustainable Blue now has its first group of on-land, closed containment Atlantic salmon. See: 3http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/nova-scotia/nova-scotia-moves-its-first-batch-of-land-raised-salmon-1.1332529.
Saturday, 16 March 2013
Salmon Confidential - Debunking Fish Farm Claims, Updated Sept 17, 2017
Alexandra Morton has come up with a very damning movie on wild salmon dying of fish farm diseases at: salmonconfidential.ca. It is going viral. Google: salmon confidential and look. On the other hand, fish farms are billion dollar corporations with millions spent on communications and make money from them. Everyone else is simply standing wtih wild salmon, and have no economic stake in the matter.
It is disappointing that they would put out another site - there are several others - with pretty much the same name, hoping to counter her movie at: salmonconfidential.com.
I will deal with their claims in due course, here are some:
1. Fish farms say Morton says: missing Fraser Sockeye are missing because of fish farm diseases.
Their answer is that science has shown missing fish since 1940 and that scientists claim early migration and high temperatures are the cause. HIGHLY MISLEADING. Kristi Millers work shows a viral signature of up to 35 disease outcomes in Fraser Sockeye with associated up to 90% mortality. It is the disease that is prompting early migration, during too high temperatures. And PRV or HSMI, from Norway, is the real cause of prespawn mortality en route, as it affects the heart. And her work shows that Fraser sockeye had ISA - brought to the Pacific Ocean by Norwegian fish farms - as far back as 1988.
Secondly, fish farm claimed recent science shows clearly in its abstract that prior to 2003 there was no real predictive research on prespawn mortality.
2. Fish farms say Morton says: the channels are so narrow that sockeye fry and adults are contracting diseases released from fish farms.
They say their fish are put in disease free, but are infected by wild fish. And diseased fish are removed quickly. And infections don't spread far. WRONG. 1. There is a long history of diseased farm eggs and fry entering BC. That's why ISA is here, and HSMI.2. There is nothing wrong with nature, if fish farm fish are infected the logical outcome is to put them in closed containers on land. 3. Each fish farm puts out 60 billion viral particles in an hour and they are moved by tide and active for three weeks. Circa 2003, most fish farms on the west coast of Van Isle were infected with IHN releasing trillions of viral particles.
3. Fish farms say Morton says: Harrison sockeye which migrate out Juan de Fuca are disease free and in increasing numbers. They say there are fish farms in Juan de Fuca so salmonconfidential must be wrong. WRONG. Some of the channels north of Campbell River are perhaps half a mile wide and full of fish farms. The distance between Race Rocks and Port Angeles where there are a few fish farms is 25 miles wide and is the narrowest part of Juan de Fuca strait, which at the Pacific end is more than 50 miles from Cape Flattery to Ucluelet.
Fish farms also say there are fish farms on Van Isles west coast and so if Harrison's are doing well, salmonconfidential must be wrong. WRONG. The farms are in Sounds which are not on the open Pacific where fry migrate. But DFO's own stats for west coast Van Isle is only 6,000 wild chinook spawners, and in Clayoquot Sound where there are 22 farms each of which may contain 1,000,000 farmed fish. chinook numbers are at extinction levels - only 501 in six streams in 2012.
And, the Kennedy Lake sockeye run has collapsed, when historically it was the largest run. The Henderson Lake sockeye have collapsed, and Somass fish come from fertilized lakes. Read pages 62 - 64 in the document quoted by the fish farms as they run counter to fish farm claims.In fact, DFO's Salmon Outlook for 2013 shows the rest of west coast Van Isle sockeye numbers being rated 2 out of 4 - not good. And these are not large runs. The Hobiton historically has been 10,000 fish only.
One more thing about the Harrison's: fish farms say they migrate immediately to the ocean and that is what scientists believe explains their high numbers. WRONG. here is what the PFRCC report they refer to says on page 18-19: "A notable exception to declining escapements of Late-run populations is the Harrison Lake stock, which has had unprecedented large escapements in recent years, despite migrating upstream earlier than most other Late-run populations. The reason is not known with certainty but may be liked to the life history of this population." The other lower stock that has been wiped out is the Cultus :Lake sockey that migrate up Georgia Strait.
Also, further up the coast, the other sockeye that migrate as small fry are the Owikeno stock in Rivers Inlet that used to be the second highest commercial run in BC. They are not killed in the lake and they migrate at 2 grams - and the small size and ocean death is suggested as the reason. This stock has never recovered although the first ISA positive results in 2011 came from this stock, a disease that originates only in the Atlantic Ocean, and came here on fish farm eggs.
4. Fish farms say Morton says: the only salmon doing well are those not passing fish farms [meaning Fraser sockeye].
They say pink and chum are doing well in the Fraser. SOMEWHAT WRONG for pinks. Fraser pink are rated 4 out of 4 and 12.6 million - an average historical run. And WRONG on other counts: the PFRCC document they quote on sockeye shows drastic decline in WCVI pink numbers over the past few decades.. And the WCVI chum number for 2012 was a dismal 520,000 - a very bad number. The Nitinat alone has been as high as 1.8 million in the past. And, in fact, the common theme of DFO's salmon outlook has been steadily declining Fraser chum numbers from 1998 to 2010 which was halted in 2012 at 1 million fish escapement into the river. That is an abysmal number.
5. Fish farms say Morton says: Miller's work on SLV nails that Fraser sockeye deaths are from fish farm diseases.
They say that correlation does not mean causation, and that salmon leukemia only be linked with lymphoma-leukemia. And research shows SLV occurs in natural species. WRONG. Her work is into parvovirus and her viral signature work convinces everyone but someone who draws an income from a Norwegian fish farm giant. Also, the 1994 science cited was in part authored by Michael Kent, who, as below recanted all this work on the stand of the Cohen Commission. Miller's signature work strongly indicates PRV, HSMI and ISA. She has found ISA back to 1988 in Fraser Sockeye. She also found ISA and HSMI in 25% of farmed chinook in Clayoquot Sound - some 125,000 to 250,000 fish per farm. Additionally, SLV does indeed infect Pacific salmon - it was found in fish farms off Quadra Island raising, wait for it, chinook salmon, a Pacific species.
6. Fish farms say that Morton says 100% of sockeye exposed to SLV die, but they say it is only 72%. WEIRD ANSWER. ISA only kills 90% of farmed fish. Is 72% good?
Again, this work was in part authored by Michael Kent who recanted this work on the Cohen stand.
7. Fish farms say Morton says: SLV is like AIDS.
They say SLV is not like AIDS because it cannot infect humans. This is another WEIRD claim, so odd that it doesn't need comment.
8. Fish farms say Morton says: 100% of the sockeye passing salmon farms were getting infected with salmon leukemia virus from the farms.
Their answer is that research has shown this untrue. WRONG. the 1992 paper:
Sept 17, 2017. The Fraser runs are so low this year, the sockeye are the lowest on record. Meanwhile, Alaska that prohibits fish farms harvested 213 million sockeye and pink. At last count in BC, the Fraser sockeye were a miserable 1.36 million, Sept 8, 2017 (to Hell's Gate); on the same date, pinks were a miserable 3.7 million, the lowest count since I came to the coast more than 40 years ago.
It is disappointing that they would put out another site - there are several others - with pretty much the same name, hoping to counter her movie at: salmonconfidential.com.
I will deal with their claims in due course, here are some:
1. Fish farms say Morton says: missing Fraser Sockeye are missing because of fish farm diseases.
Their answer is that science has shown missing fish since 1940 and that scientists claim early migration and high temperatures are the cause. HIGHLY MISLEADING. Kristi Millers work shows a viral signature of up to 35 disease outcomes in Fraser Sockeye with associated up to 90% mortality. It is the disease that is prompting early migration, during too high temperatures. And PRV or HSMI, from Norway, is the real cause of prespawn mortality en route, as it affects the heart. And her work shows that Fraser sockeye had ISA - brought to the Pacific Ocean by Norwegian fish farms - as far back as 1988.
Secondly, fish farm claimed recent science shows clearly in its abstract that prior to 2003 there was no real predictive research on prespawn mortality.
2. Fish farms say Morton says: the channels are so narrow that sockeye fry and adults are contracting diseases released from fish farms.
They say their fish are put in disease free, but are infected by wild fish. And diseased fish are removed quickly. And infections don't spread far. WRONG. 1. There is a long history of diseased farm eggs and fry entering BC. That's why ISA is here, and HSMI.2. There is nothing wrong with nature, if fish farm fish are infected the logical outcome is to put them in closed containers on land. 3. Each fish farm puts out 60 billion viral particles in an hour and they are moved by tide and active for three weeks. Circa 2003, most fish farms on the west coast of Van Isle were infected with IHN releasing trillions of viral particles.
3. Fish farms say Morton says: Harrison sockeye which migrate out Juan de Fuca are disease free and in increasing numbers. They say there are fish farms in Juan de Fuca so salmonconfidential must be wrong. WRONG. Some of the channels north of Campbell River are perhaps half a mile wide and full of fish farms. The distance between Race Rocks and Port Angeles where there are a few fish farms is 25 miles wide and is the narrowest part of Juan de Fuca strait, which at the Pacific end is more than 50 miles from Cape Flattery to Ucluelet.
Fish farms also say there are fish farms on Van Isles west coast and so if Harrison's are doing well, salmonconfidential must be wrong. WRONG. The farms are in Sounds which are not on the open Pacific where fry migrate. But DFO's own stats for west coast Van Isle is only 6,000 wild chinook spawners, and in Clayoquot Sound where there are 22 farms each of which may contain 1,000,000 farmed fish. chinook numbers are at extinction levels - only 501 in six streams in 2012.
And, the Kennedy Lake sockeye run has collapsed, when historically it was the largest run. The Henderson Lake sockeye have collapsed, and Somass fish come from fertilized lakes. Read pages 62 - 64 in the document quoted by the fish farms as they run counter to fish farm claims.In fact, DFO's Salmon Outlook for 2013 shows the rest of west coast Van Isle sockeye numbers being rated 2 out of 4 - not good. And these are not large runs. The Hobiton historically has been 10,000 fish only.
One more thing about the Harrison's: fish farms say they migrate immediately to the ocean and that is what scientists believe explains their high numbers. WRONG. here is what the PFRCC report they refer to says on page 18-19: "A notable exception to declining escapements of Late-run populations is the Harrison Lake stock, which has had unprecedented large escapements in recent years, despite migrating upstream earlier than most other Late-run populations. The reason is not known with certainty but may be liked to the life history of this population." The other lower stock that has been wiped out is the Cultus :Lake sockey that migrate up Georgia Strait.
Also, further up the coast, the other sockeye that migrate as small fry are the Owikeno stock in Rivers Inlet that used to be the second highest commercial run in BC. They are not killed in the lake and they migrate at 2 grams - and the small size and ocean death is suggested as the reason. This stock has never recovered although the first ISA positive results in 2011 came from this stock, a disease that originates only in the Atlantic Ocean, and came here on fish farm eggs.
4. Fish farms say Morton says: the only salmon doing well are those not passing fish farms [meaning Fraser sockeye].
They say pink and chum are doing well in the Fraser. SOMEWHAT WRONG for pinks. Fraser pink are rated 4 out of 4 and 12.6 million - an average historical run. And WRONG on other counts: the PFRCC document they quote on sockeye shows drastic decline in WCVI pink numbers over the past few decades.. And the WCVI chum number for 2012 was a dismal 520,000 - a very bad number. The Nitinat alone has been as high as 1.8 million in the past. And, in fact, the common theme of DFO's salmon outlook has been steadily declining Fraser chum numbers from 1998 to 2010 which was halted in 2012 at 1 million fish escapement into the river. That is an abysmal number.
5. Fish farms say Morton says: Miller's work on SLV nails that Fraser sockeye deaths are from fish farm diseases.
They say that correlation does not mean causation, and that salmon leukemia only be linked with lymphoma-leukemia. And research shows SLV occurs in natural species. WRONG. Her work is into parvovirus and her viral signature work convinces everyone but someone who draws an income from a Norwegian fish farm giant. Also, the 1994 science cited was in part authored by Michael Kent, who, as below recanted all this work on the stand of the Cohen Commission. Miller's signature work strongly indicates PRV, HSMI and ISA. She has found ISA back to 1988 in Fraser Sockeye. She also found ISA and HSMI in 25% of farmed chinook in Clayoquot Sound - some 125,000 to 250,000 fish per farm. Additionally, SLV does indeed infect Pacific salmon - it was found in fish farms off Quadra Island raising, wait for it, chinook salmon, a Pacific species.
6. Fish farms say that Morton says 100% of sockeye exposed to SLV die, but they say it is only 72%. WEIRD ANSWER. ISA only kills 90% of farmed fish. Is 72% good?
Again, this work was in part authored by Michael Kent who recanted this work on the Cohen stand.
7. Fish farms say Morton says: SLV is like AIDS.
They say SLV is not like AIDS because it cannot infect humans. This is another WEIRD claim, so odd that it doesn't need comment.
8. Fish farms say Morton says: 100% of the sockeye passing salmon farms were getting infected with salmon leukemia virus from the farms.
Their answer is that research has shown this untrue. WRONG. the 1992 paper:
http://cancerres.aacrjournals.org/content/52/23/6496 Is coauthored by Michael Kent. He authored about a dozen articles on SLV, salmon leukemia in farmed chinook in the narrows off Campbell River. However, in the August Cohen Commission hearings, he recanted his work, some of which he did while working for DFO on taxpayer dollars. Three other scientists also recanted their work. So this is research without standing and is noted as an advertisement in the journal because of its outside funding.
I read all 127 abstracts of Kent's papers at the time. I will go back and see which ones were written with scientists with conflicts of interest with fish farms. I recall that this list includes Saksida, but I will check, who now heads the 'research facility' for fish farms in Campbell River that DFO gave money for in 2012.
Furthermore, when the chinook farms with SLV were taken out of the Quadra Island area, suddenly sockeye were returning to the Fraser in far higher numbers.
During the Cohen Commission, one of my submissions made the point that all those who testified should be required to lay out their conflicts of interests, but this was not done. Cohen's rulings did agree with many points made in my three submissions, particularly that the Norwegian fish farms had their lawyers working full time against Cohen in his requiring the disease summary tables - which is what the whole point of their website is about - disease.
Once the summary tables were required, the fish farms told the news they were complying fully with Cohen and they were transparent. However, once Cohen moved to bring back fish farm diseases for a special December sitting, which has most of the material in Morton's new movie, Cohen made a firm requirement that the actual BC table be released. The Norwegian fish farms then had their lawyers arguing again against the release of this information, saying that Cohen had no authority to require that information. Cohen stood firm and the actual tables were placed on the record. This is a material part of the disease hearings, that Morton has shown the actual evidentiary evidence caught on tape, including, and while it sure was funny, Kim Klotins, from CFIA, who was cornered into saying that the CFIA did not want to find ISA in BC in farmed fish. It was a little unkind to replay her bugging eyes several times.
There is more to say, but this is the total of my volunteer hours today. I and BC residents simply stand for wild salmon. The fish farms have, in 2008 science, been shown to kill 50% of all wild stocks they come in contact with, largely because of their diseases:: http://www.plosbiology.org/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pbio.0060033. Please read and form your own opinions.
**********************************************************************************Once the summary tables were required, the fish farms told the news they were complying fully with Cohen and they were transparent. However, once Cohen moved to bring back fish farm diseases for a special December sitting, which has most of the material in Morton's new movie, Cohen made a firm requirement that the actual BC table be released. The Norwegian fish farms then had their lawyers arguing again against the release of this information, saying that Cohen had no authority to require that information. Cohen stood firm and the actual tables were placed on the record. This is a material part of the disease hearings, that Morton has shown the actual evidentiary evidence caught on tape, including, and while it sure was funny, Kim Klotins, from CFIA, who was cornered into saying that the CFIA did not want to find ISA in BC in farmed fish. It was a little unkind to replay her bugging eyes several times.
There is more to say, but this is the total of my volunteer hours today. I and BC residents simply stand for wild salmon. The fish farms have, in 2008 science, been shown to kill 50% of all wild stocks they come in contact with, largely because of their diseases:: http://www.plosbiology.org/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pbio.0060033. Please read and form your own opinions.
Sept 17, 2017. The Fraser runs are so low this year, the sockeye are the lowest on record. Meanwhile, Alaska that prohibits fish farms harvested 213 million sockeye and pink. At last count in BC, the Fraser sockeye were a miserable 1.36 million, Sept 8, 2017 (to Hell's Gate); on the same date, pinks were a miserable 3.7 million, the lowest count since I came to the coast more than 40 years ago.
Sunday, 3 March 2013
Global Fish Farm Diseases - Updated July 8, 2013
Go back to the post below. It is up to 32 fish farm disease reports from around the world. This report continues to grow and was last updated on May 25, 2013. Keep watching this post, as diseases are one of the worst features of in-ocean, open-net fish farms. They can all be solved by on-land, sequestered farms.
And Skuna Bay was done for killing 65 sea lions by drowning in the past week (killed in 2010) with a $!00,000 fine.
http://fishfarmnews.blogspot.ca/search?updated-min=2012-01-01T00:00:00-08:00&updated-max=2013-01-01T00:00:00-08:00&max-results=36
Go read this article on the millions of salmon killed in Scotland by Amoebic Gill Disease: http://www.robedwards.com/2013/02/farmed-salmon-killed-by-disease-leaps-to-85-million.html.
And Skuna Bay was done for killing 65 sea lions by drowning in the past week (killed in 2010) with a $!00,000 fine.
http://fishfarmnews.blogspot.ca/search?updated-min=2012-01-01T00:00:00-08:00&updated-max=2013-01-01T00:00:00-08:00&max-results=36
Go read this article on the millions of salmon killed in Scotland by Amoebic Gill Disease: http://www.robedwards.com/2013/02/farmed-salmon-killed-by-disease-leaps-to-85-million.html.
Wednesday, 6 February 2013
Sport Fishing - How We $$tack Up, Updated April 21, 2013
Here is the table that shows the stats from my column (it is the first item on Catchsalmonbc.com, if you wish to look). Then read the most recent post on fishfarmnews. It says that fish farms result in 50% of reduction in wild fish - all around the world where there are fish farms.
That would explain the extinction level of wild chinook on the West Coast Van Isle - now oly 6,000 wild spawners from the San Juan to Quatsino Sound. Shame on DFO:
BC Stats 2011 Report:
Fish, Processing, Sport Fishing and Aquaculture Stats - Figures in Millions (and 2002 constant dollars,
except for 2011 Revenue)
Commercial
|
Processing
|
Sport
|
Aquaculture
|
Total
|
|
Contribution to GDP, and %
|
$102.3 (15.3%)
|
$177.5 (26.6)
|
$325.7 (48.8%)
|
$61.9 (9.3%)
|
$667.4
100%
|
% GDP
|
0.4%
|
||||
Employment
(% of total)
|
1,400 (10.1%)
|
2,400 (17.3%)
|
8,400 (60.4%)
|
1,700 (12.2%)
|
13,900
100%
|
Wages and Salaries
% of Total
|
$78.4*
$8.4
2.2%
|
$105.3
$105.3
27.5%
|
$218.9
$218.9
57.1%
|
$55.7
$55.7
14.5%
|
-
$383.3
100%
|
Total 2011 Revenue (increase/decrease)
|
$344.8 (+4.1%)
|
$427.5 (+2.1%)
|
$936.5 (+0.8%)
|
$469.0
(-12.2%)
|
$2,177.8
|
Revenue % of Total
|
15.8%
|
19.6%
|
43.0%
|
21.5%
|
100%
|
Notes:
*Commercial income deletes the $70 earned by self-employed
fishers.
2. Totals may not equal 100%, due to rounding.
3. Fresh and frozen fish = $125.4 X .673 (portion sold in
stores) X .5 (estimated portion on salmon) X .5 (estimated portion spent on
farmed salmon)/4.4 million people =
$4.79
4. This is the BC Stats document that I used:
http://www.bcstats.gov.bc.ca/StatisticsBySubject/BusinessIndustry/FisheriesAquacultureHuntingTrapping.aspx.
5. Here is a USA report saying that commercial and sport fishing is worth $199 Billion to economy and employs 1.7 million people: http://www.thefishsite.com/fishnews/19805/report-finds-commercial-recreational-saltwater-fishing-generated-199-billion-in-2011.
5. Here is a USA report saying that commercial and sport fishing is worth $199 Billion to economy and employs 1.7 million people: http://www.thefishsite.com/fishnews/19805/report-finds-commercial-recreational-saltwater-fishing-generated-199-billion-in-2011.
Monday, 7 January 2013
Fish Farms Kill More Than 50% of Wild Salmon, Updated Jan 7, 2013
This metadata analysis of fish farm destruction of wild salmon is clear that fish farms kill wild salmon.Salmon farms need to be on dry land in closed containers, or go back to Norway.
See: http://www.plosbiology.org/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pbio.0060033.
Here is the abstract:
Since the late 1980s, wild salmon catch and abundance have declined dramatically in the North Atlantic and in much of the northeastern Pacific south of Alaska. In these areas, there has been a concomitant increase in the production of farmed salmon. Previous studies have shown negative impacts on wild salmonids, but these results have been difficult to translate into predictions of change in wild population survival and abundance. We compared marine survival of salmonids in areas with salmon farming to adjacent areas without farms in Scotland, Ireland, Atlantic Canada, and Pacific Canada to estimate changes in marine survival concurrent with the growth of salmon aquaculture. Through a meta-analysis of existing data, we show a reduction in survival or abundance of Atlantic salmon; sea trout; and pink, chum, and coho salmon in association with increased production of farmed salmon. In many cases, these reductions in survival or abundance are greater than 50%. Meta-analytic estimates of the mean effect are significant and negative, suggesting that salmon farming has reduced survival of wild salmon and trout in many populations and countries.
See: http://www.plosbiology.org/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pbio.0060033.
Here is the abstract:
Since the late 1980s, wild salmon catch and abundance have declined dramatically in the North Atlantic and in much of the northeastern Pacific south of Alaska. In these areas, there has been a concomitant increase in the production of farmed salmon. Previous studies have shown negative impacts on wild salmonids, but these results have been difficult to translate into predictions of change in wild population survival and abundance. We compared marine survival of salmonids in areas with salmon farming to adjacent areas without farms in Scotland, Ireland, Atlantic Canada, and Pacific Canada to estimate changes in marine survival concurrent with the growth of salmon aquaculture. Through a meta-analysis of existing data, we show a reduction in survival or abundance of Atlantic salmon; sea trout; and pink, chum, and coho salmon in association with increased production of farmed salmon. In many cases, these reductions in survival or abundance are greater than 50%. Meta-analytic estimates of the mean effect are significant and negative, suggesting that salmon farming has reduced survival of wild salmon and trout in many populations and countries.
Saturday, 22 December 2012
Key Document: Global Fish Farm Diseases - Updated June 11, 2013
Dr. Fred Kibenge, the world expert OIE lab for ISA, has stated that one third to one half of all aquaculture product is lost to disease. That means $32 to $49 Billion annually that is lost to disease.
See this earlier post for ISA disease world wide, and also to the link to Kibenge's powerpoint presentation on ISA: http://www.fishfarmnews.blogspot.ca/2011/10/isa-infections-world-wide-sine-1984.html.
The purpose of this post is to simply report global disease stats as they become available, and thus show just how much disease that fish farms have around the world. Fish farms need to be on land where they cannot pass disease to wild fish around the world, nor use the ocean as a free open sewer. This list will grow very long:
34. 35. 36, Canada, Atlantic salmon, ISA, IPN, Viral Haemorrhagic Septicemi. New Foundland, NB, BC. http://inspection.gc.ca/animals/aquatic-animals/diseases/reportable/2013/eng/1339174937153/1339175227861
33. Scotland 2012, 8.5 million dead salmon. http://www.robedwards.com/2013/02/farmed-salmon-killed-by-disease-leaps-to-85-million.html. Mostly AGD, 10% of entire crop.
"A mountain of 13,627 tonnes of dead fish had to be disposed of in 2012 by 230 fish farms along the west coast and on the islands, compared to 9,717 tonnes in 2011 and 7,159 tonnes in 2010. The worst problems were in Shetland, where 2.4 million salmon died."
32. Chile, ISA, April 30, 2013. It looks like another epidemic is about to burst forth. The 2008 cost $2 billion. http://www.undercurrentnews.com/2013/04/30/chile-disease-problems-concern-marine-harvest/#.UaFB9bVQGQA
31 Norway, ISA, http://www.thefishsite.com/fishnews/20313/possible-isa-outbreak-on-troms-salmon-farm
30. Japan, viral haemorrhagic septicemia. http://www.thefishsite.com/fishnews/20087/viral-haemorrhagic-septicaemia-confirmed-in-japan
29. Norway, salmon alphavirus, Cermaq, Mainstream, and suspects PD pancreatic disease, Jan 2013. http://www.seafoodsource.com/newsarticledetail.aspx?id=19199
28. Chile, ISA, Ap 25, 2013 - concern over large amounts of anti-biotics being used in fish farms to fight Infectious Salmon Anaemia (ISA) which is thought to have never left the Los Lagos and Aysen regions. http://www.thefishsite.com/fishnews/20061/concern-over-chiles-antibiotic-use-isa-cases-not-reported
27. Norway, ISA, Ap 26, 2013. Kolvik Odden in Vestvågøy.ISA found in all samples. http://www.thefishsite.com/fishnews/20076/infectious-salmon-anaemia-detected-in-lofoten.
26. Australia, Tasmania, Feb 22, 2013, Amoebic Gill Disease, affects farmed salmon worldwide. In Australia, it costs the industry up to A$230M a year. http://www.thefishsite.com/fishnews/19547/breakthrough-in-amoebic-gill-disease. Some wild species seem to be immune.
25. UK, USA, Apr 18, 2013 Rosette Agent. http://www.thefishsite.com/fishnews/19963/threat-of-rosette-agent-monitored-in-britains-rivers.
24. Norway, pancreatic disease, PD. Mar 2013.Transmission dynamics of PD in Norwegian fjord. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/jfd.12090/abstract.
23. Worldwide, Journal of Fish Diseases, May 2013. Have a look at all the diseases of fish farms. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/jfd.2013.36.issue-5/issuetoc;jsessionid=179E2205255BF7501A38992D67BFF7FD.d01t02.
22. Chile, ISA, Apr 18, 2013. Sernapesca has begun an intensive inspection of all farms north of the Aysen region which has recently had two outbreaks of Infectious Salmon Anaemia (ISA). http://www.thefishsite.com/fishnews/19994/sernapesca-surveys-farms-north-of-aysen-for-isa.
21. Tropical Third World fish farms, a variety of diseases. This important, far-reaching paper shows the deadly result of fish farm diseases in tropical countries that cannot take complete industry disease kills. The use of antibiotics is leading to antibiotic resistance in diseases. http://www.scidev.net/en/agriculture-and-environment/fisheries/news/disease-threatens-aquaculture-in-developing-world.html?utm_source=link&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=en_news. Martin Krkosek adds that, as a precaution measure, areas of coastal waters should be designated no-farming zones in order to protect other sectors such as fisheries, tourism, and wildlife outbreaks in aquaculture.
20. Canada, BC, Grieg Seafood, furunculosis outbreak at hatchery, leading to a cull. 4Q write down of NOK 43 million. Grieg and Marine Harvest are losing money in BC.
19. Scotland, 2012. More than 8.5 Million. Scottish Environment Protection Agency. Main disease: amoebic gill disease. 13,627 metric tons of dead fish had to be disposed of by 230 fish farms along the west coast and on the islands, compared with 9717 MT in 2011 and 7159 MT in 2010. Click here to read the full story from Herald Scotland >
17. Cermaq, Canada, Chile. CDN: IHN, winter ulcers (Kudoa?), fungus. CL: Caligus, SRS. Mar 3/13. See page 28,29 of Cermaq's financial report: http://www.cermaq.com/portal/wps/wcm/connect/86dffe804cc6acd692a4d2d39ceaad15/20120919_Cermaq_CapitalMarketsDay.pdf?MOD=AJPERES.
16. Ireland, sea lice infestation Mar 2/13: http://www.fishnewseu.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=9962:galway-farm-draws-formal-complaint&catid=45:scottish&Itemid=54.
15. Canada, Scotland. F20/13. Grieg Seafoods. Furunculosis in BC. AGD in Scotland: http://www.thefishsite.com/fishnews/19512/grieg-seafood-reports-improved-results-in-norway-weaker-in-uk-canada.
14. Canada. (Feb 20, 2013) Here are nine sites in Atlantic Canada that the CFIA has identified on its site that had ISA in 2012: http://www.inspection.gc.ca/animals/aquatic-animals/diseases/reportable/2013/infectious-salmon-anaemia-2012-/eng/1339179653413/1339179772511.
13. Scotland, Feb11, 2013. Grieg/Marine Harvest: Ameobic Gill Disease. 'A mountain of 13,627 tonnes of dead fish had to be disposed of in 2012 by 230 fish farms along the west coast and on the islands, compared to 9,717 tonnes in 2011 and 7,159 tonnes in 2010. The worst problems were in Shetland, where 2.4 million salmon died.' http://www.robedwards.com/2013/02/farmed-salmon-killed-by-disease-leaps-to-85-million.html.
12. Canada, Chile, Cooke Aquaculture in the two countries is mired in ISA disease. It is so expensive that they have received junk bond status from Moody's: http://www.southcoasttoday.ca/content/business-poor-moodys-rating-cooke-aqua.
11. Jan 10, 2013 Chile, Marine Harvest, 110 days of production of smoked salmon had listeria. Marine Harvest announced a recall on close to a third of a year’s worth of production. Destined for Sam's Club a Walmart brand.
See: http://www.undercurrentnews.com/2013/01/10/sources-marine-harvest-plant-links-three-smoked-salmon-recalls/#.UPLTi_KQmSo
10. SCOTLAND: July, 2012 This three page government PDF lists the diseases found in fish farms: http://www.scotland.gov.uk/Resource/0039/00397960.pdf. The list includes Marine Harvest and the SSC.
Some of the diseases are: vibrio, infectious pancreatic necrosis (IPN), moritella viscosis, salmonid alpha virus, haemorrhagic smolt syndrome, flavobacteria, bacterial gill disease, epitheliocystis, amoebic gill disease, cardiomyopathy syndrome, ichthyobodo.
9. CANADA: BC, July 22, 2012. Reported by the Chilliwack, Progress: “If PRV has been found in a Cultus Lake sport fish [cutthroat trout], it could be contributing to the failure of the lake’s sockeye population to return in abundance,” says Routledge. The virus may be linked to other diseases found on fish farms, he said, such as the heart and skeletal muscle inflammation (HSMI), which hit Norwegian salmon farms and can kill up to 20 per cent of infected fish.
Provincial fish pathologist, Dr. Gary Marty, noted that 75% of farmed fish tested had the PRV virus. 2% died.
See: http://www.theprogress.com/news/163480656.html.
8. SCOTLAND: Reported by Undercurrents: Scottish Salmon Company (SSC), the UK’s largest independent salmon producer, is cutting its production forecast from 25,000 metric tons to 22,000t, as it continues to encounter problems with amoebic gill disease (AGD). See:
7. CANADA: In the past year, as well reported in Canadian media, fish farms in BC have been found to have serious viruses: ISA, HSMI, IHN and Kudoa among them. ISA has also been found in Nova Scotia, and New Foundland. the NL case is doubly sad as this is a pristine ocean with fish farms only being 'welcomed' in in the past year.
ISA in NL: July 13, 2012: http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/newfoundland-labrador/story/2012/07/13/nl-delay-destroying-farmed-salmon-infected-713.html
6. Chile: Dec 24, 2012 Farmed salmon are very susceptible to disease. Vicente Castro from Chile, defended his thesis on June 29, 2012 entitled “Aerobic exercise training for improving robustness of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar)” at the Norwegian University of Life Sciences. His supervisors were Senior Researcher Dr. Harald Takle from Nofima and Professor Dr. Ståle Helland from the Department of Animal and Aquacultural Sciences and Nofima.The chief benefit of cardio training is reduced susceptibility to diseases.
See: http://www.thefishsite.com/articles/1446/aerobic-exercise-gives-more-robust-smolt.
Note that the in-ocean, closed Agrimarine system has a directed current, and this makes the fish 'exercise' and also helps move them to maturity sooner.
5. IRELAND: Sep 4, 2012: Fish farm feces cause algae blooms that in shell fish harvest have lead to 300 severe human illnesses. "SBB supports fish farming but only in Closed Containment Systems." " In a statement issued on the release of the last closure orders by the Marine Institute, SBB said ‘‘While fish farming is not the only cause of the record breaking blooms, the scientific evidence makes it clear that open pen fish farming in these Bays with their poor circulation of water must come to an end’’.
See: http://www.thefishsite.com/fishnews/18125/record-algae-blooms-linked-to-fish-farms.
4. Norway, Dec 17, 2012 Thesis of Koestan Gadan. Stress causes increased amount of cortisol in farmed salmon and this makes them susceptible to discease, in this study IPN, infectious pancreatic necrosis. Stress can be as simple as the density of fish in fish farms and has been the most costly disease found in Norwegian fish farms for many years.
3. Canada, a new case of ISA in NF, Dec 20, 2012. The Canadian Food Inspection Agency (CFIA) has confirmed the presence of the Infectious Salmon Anemia (ISA) virus at an aquaculture site on the south coast of Newfoundland and Labrador.
See: http://www.fis.com/fis/worldnews/worldnews.asp?l=e&country=0&special=&monthyear=&day=&id=57706&ndb=1&df=0.
2. Canada, ISA, Dec 2012. The Canadian Food Inspection Agency has confirmed the province's second outbreak of infectious salmon anemia this year. This latest outbreak of ISA, which can kill fish but is not harmful to humans, has occurred at a Cooke Aquaculture facility in Hermitage Bay, the CFIA confirmed on Tuesday.
In July, (2012) 450,000 salmon were destroyed following an ISA outbreak at a Gray Aqua facility on Newfoundland's south coast, causing a loss of $10- to $13-million in sales.
See: http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/newfoundland-labrador/story/2012/12/19/nl-second-salmon-anemia-outbreak-1219.html.
1. Marine Harvest faces anti-monopoly charges in Scotland:
See this earlier post for ISA disease world wide, and also to the link to Kibenge's powerpoint presentation on ISA: http://www.fishfarmnews.blogspot.ca/2011/10/isa-infections-world-wide-sine-1984.html.
The purpose of this post is to simply report global disease stats as they become available, and thus show just how much disease that fish farms have around the world. Fish farms need to be on land where they cannot pass disease to wild fish around the world, nor use the ocean as a free open sewer. This list will grow very long:
34. 35. 36, Canada, Atlantic salmon, ISA, IPN, Viral Haemorrhagic Septicemi. New Foundland, NB, BC. http://inspection.gc.ca/animals/aquatic-animals/diseases/reportable/2013/eng/1339174937153/1339175227861
33. Scotland 2012, 8.5 million dead salmon. http://www.robedwards.com/2013/02/farmed-salmon-killed-by-disease-leaps-to-85-million.html. Mostly AGD, 10% of entire crop.
"A mountain of 13,627 tonnes of dead fish had to be disposed of in 2012 by 230 fish farms along the west coast and on the islands, compared to 9,717 tonnes in 2011 and 7,159 tonnes in 2010. The worst problems were in Shetland, where 2.4 million salmon died."
32. Chile, ISA, April 30, 2013. It looks like another epidemic is about to burst forth. The 2008 cost $2 billion. http://www.undercurrentnews.com/2013/04/30/chile-disease-problems-concern-marine-harvest/#.UaFB9bVQGQA
31 Norway, ISA, http://www.thefishsite.com/fishnews/20313/possible-isa-outbreak-on-troms-salmon-farm
30. Japan, viral haemorrhagic septicemia. http://www.thefishsite.com/fishnews/20087/viral-haemorrhagic-septicaemia-confirmed-in-japan
29. Norway, salmon alphavirus, Cermaq, Mainstream, and suspects PD pancreatic disease, Jan 2013. http://www.seafoodsource.com/newsarticledetail.aspx?id=19199
28. Chile, ISA, Ap 25, 2013 - concern over large amounts of anti-biotics being used in fish farms to fight Infectious Salmon Anaemia (ISA) which is thought to have never left the Los Lagos and Aysen regions. http://www.thefishsite.com/fishnews/20061/concern-over-chiles-antibiotic-use-isa-cases-not-reported
27. Norway, ISA, Ap 26, 2013. Kolvik Odden in Vestvågøy.ISA found in all samples. http://www.thefishsite.com/fishnews/20076/infectious-salmon-anaemia-detected-in-lofoten.
26. Australia, Tasmania, Feb 22, 2013, Amoebic Gill Disease, affects farmed salmon worldwide. In Australia, it costs the industry up to A$230M a year. http://www.thefishsite.com/fishnews/19547/breakthrough-in-amoebic-gill-disease. Some wild species seem to be immune.
25. UK, USA, Apr 18, 2013 Rosette Agent. http://www.thefishsite.com/fishnews/19963/threat-of-rosette-agent-monitored-in-britains-rivers.
24. Norway, pancreatic disease, PD. Mar 2013.Transmission dynamics of PD in Norwegian fjord. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/jfd.12090/abstract.
23. Worldwide, Journal of Fish Diseases, May 2013. Have a look at all the diseases of fish farms. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/jfd.2013.36.issue-5/issuetoc;jsessionid=179E2205255BF7501A38992D67BFF7FD.d01t02.
22. Chile, ISA, Apr 18, 2013. Sernapesca has begun an intensive inspection of all farms north of the Aysen region which has recently had two outbreaks of Infectious Salmon Anaemia (ISA). http://www.thefishsite.com/fishnews/19994/sernapesca-surveys-farms-north-of-aysen-for-isa.
21. Tropical Third World fish farms, a variety of diseases. This important, far-reaching paper shows the deadly result of fish farm diseases in tropical countries that cannot take complete industry disease kills. The use of antibiotics is leading to antibiotic resistance in diseases. http://www.scidev.net/en/agriculture-and-environment/fisheries/news/disease-threatens-aquaculture-in-developing-world.html?utm_source=link&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=en_news. Martin Krkosek adds that, as a precaution measure, areas of coastal waters should be designated no-farming zones in order to protect other sectors such as fisheries, tourism, and wildlife outbreaks in aquaculture.
20. Canada, BC, Grieg Seafood, furunculosis outbreak at hatchery, leading to a cull. 4Q write down of NOK 43 million. Grieg and Marine Harvest are losing money in BC.
19. Scotland, 2012. More than 8.5 Million. Scottish Environment Protection Agency. Main disease: amoebic gill disease. 13,627 metric tons of dead fish had to be disposed of by 230 fish farms along the west coast and on the islands, compared with 9717 MT in 2011 and 7159 MT in 2010. Click here to read the full story from Herald Scotland >
18. Chile, ISA, Apr 2013.An outbreak has been detected by Chile's National Fishery and
Aquaculture service (Sernapesca) on a salmon farm in the Aysen region.TheFishSite Editor.
http://www.thefishsite.com/fishnews/19911/sernapesca-chile-detects-isa-outbreak-on-aysen-farm. 17. Cermaq, Canada, Chile. CDN: IHN, winter ulcers (Kudoa?), fungus. CL: Caligus, SRS. Mar 3/13. See page 28,29 of Cermaq's financial report: http://www.cermaq.com/portal/wps/wcm/connect/86dffe804cc6acd692a4d2d39ceaad15/20120919_Cermaq_CapitalMarketsDay.pdf?MOD=AJPERES.
16. Ireland, sea lice infestation Mar 2/13: http://www.fishnewseu.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=9962:galway-farm-draws-formal-complaint&catid=45:scottish&Itemid=54.
15. Canada, Scotland. F20/13. Grieg Seafoods. Furunculosis in BC. AGD in Scotland: http://www.thefishsite.com/fishnews/19512/grieg-seafood-reports-improved-results-in-norway-weaker-in-uk-canada.
14. Canada. (Feb 20, 2013) Here are nine sites in Atlantic Canada that the CFIA has identified on its site that had ISA in 2012: http://www.inspection.gc.ca/animals/aquatic-animals/diseases/reportable/2013/infectious-salmon-anaemia-2012-/eng/1339179653413/1339179772511.
13. Scotland, Feb11, 2013. Grieg/Marine Harvest: Ameobic Gill Disease. 'A mountain of 13,627 tonnes of dead fish had to be disposed of in 2012 by 230 fish farms along the west coast and on the islands, compared to 9,717 tonnes in 2011 and 7,159 tonnes in 2010. The worst problems were in Shetland, where 2.4 million salmon died.' http://www.robedwards.com/2013/02/farmed-salmon-killed-by-disease-leaps-to-85-million.html.
12. Canada, Chile, Cooke Aquaculture in the two countries is mired in ISA disease. It is so expensive that they have received junk bond status from Moody's: http://www.southcoasttoday.ca/content/business-poor-moodys-rating-cooke-aqua.
11. Jan 10, 2013 Chile, Marine Harvest, 110 days of production of smoked salmon had listeria. Marine Harvest announced a recall on close to a third of a year’s worth of production. Destined for Sam's Club a Walmart brand.
See: http://www.undercurrentnews.com/2013/01/10/sources-marine-harvest-plant-links-three-smoked-salmon-recalls/#.UPLTi_KQmSo
10. SCOTLAND: July, 2012 This three page government PDF lists the diseases found in fish farms: http://www.scotland.gov.uk/Resource/0039/00397960.pdf. The list includes Marine Harvest and the SSC.
Some of the diseases are: vibrio, infectious pancreatic necrosis (IPN), moritella viscosis, salmonid alpha virus, haemorrhagic smolt syndrome, flavobacteria, bacterial gill disease, epitheliocystis, amoebic gill disease, cardiomyopathy syndrome, ichthyobodo.
9. CANADA: BC, July 22, 2012. Reported by the Chilliwack, Progress: “If PRV has been found in a Cultus Lake sport fish [cutthroat trout], it could be contributing to the failure of the lake’s sockeye population to return in abundance,” says Routledge. The virus may be linked to other diseases found on fish farms, he said, such as the heart and skeletal muscle inflammation (HSMI), which hit Norwegian salmon farms and can kill up to 20 per cent of infected fish.
Provincial fish pathologist, Dr. Gary Marty, noted that 75% of farmed fish tested had the PRV virus. 2% died.
See: http://www.theprogress.com/news/163480656.html.
8. SCOTLAND: Reported by Undercurrents: Scottish Salmon Company (SSC), the UK’s largest independent salmon producer, is cutting its production forecast from 25,000 metric tons to 22,000t, as it continues to encounter problems with amoebic gill disease (AGD). See:
http://www.undercurrentnews.com/2012/11/29/ssc-cuts-2012-salmon-harvest-forecast-on-disease-issues/#.UNZM-ayQmSo. Dec 22, 2012.
7. CANADA: In the past year, as well reported in Canadian media, fish farms in BC have been found to have serious viruses: ISA, HSMI, IHN and Kudoa among them. ISA has also been found in Nova Scotia, and New Foundland. the NL case is doubly sad as this is a pristine ocean with fish farms only being 'welcomed' in in the past year.
ISA in NL: July 13, 2012: http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/newfoundland-labrador/story/2012/07/13/nl-delay-destroying-farmed-salmon-infected-713.html
PRV in freshwater trout, BC: http://www.vancouversun.com/technology/Discovery+deadly+salmon+virus+freshwater+fish+puts+pressure+conduct+wider/6959173/story.html
IHN in BC: Grieg Seafood, Culloden Point, Aug 3 stock exchange notification.
IHN in Clayoquot Sound, BC: To come.
6. Chile: Dec 24, 2012 Farmed salmon are very susceptible to disease. Vicente Castro from Chile, defended his thesis on June 29, 2012 entitled “Aerobic exercise training for improving robustness of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar)” at the Norwegian University of Life Sciences. His supervisors were Senior Researcher Dr. Harald Takle from Nofima and Professor Dr. Ståle Helland from the Department of Animal and Aquacultural Sciences and Nofima.The chief benefit of cardio training is reduced susceptibility to diseases.
See: http://www.thefishsite.com/articles/1446/aerobic-exercise-gives-more-robust-smolt.
Note that the in-ocean, closed Agrimarine system has a directed current, and this makes the fish 'exercise' and also helps move them to maturity sooner.
5. IRELAND: Sep 4, 2012: Fish farm feces cause algae blooms that in shell fish harvest have lead to 300 severe human illnesses. "SBB supports fish farming but only in Closed Containment Systems." " In a statement issued on the release of the last closure orders by the Marine Institute, SBB said ‘‘While fish farming is not the only cause of the record breaking blooms, the scientific evidence makes it clear that open pen fish farming in these Bays with their poor circulation of water must come to an end’’.
See: http://www.thefishsite.com/fishnews/18125/record-algae-blooms-linked-to-fish-farms.
4. Norway, Dec 17, 2012 Thesis of Koestan Gadan. Stress causes increased amount of cortisol in farmed salmon and this makes them susceptible to discease, in this study IPN, infectious pancreatic necrosis. Stress can be as simple as the density of fish in fish farms and has been the most costly disease found in Norwegian fish farms for many years.
Koestan Gadan has studied
the consequences of stress on the innate immune defence system of the
salmon and how it makes the fish more susceptible to disease. She chose
the IPN virus (infectious pancreatic necrosis) as a model virus for her
research. IPN is the cause of considerable losses in Norwegian salmon
farming and has for many years been the most frequently diagnosed
disease for this fish.
Read more at: http://phys.org/news/2013-01-effect-stress-atlantic-salmon-congenital.html#jCp
See: http://phys.org/news/2013-01-effect-stress-atlantic-salmon-congenital.html.Read more at: http://phys.org/news/2013-01-effect-stress-atlantic-salmon-congenital.html#jCp
3. Canada, a new case of ISA in NF, Dec 20, 2012. The Canadian Food Inspection Agency (CFIA) has confirmed the presence of the Infectious Salmon Anemia (ISA) virus at an aquaculture site on the south coast of Newfoundland and Labrador.
See: http://www.fis.com/fis/worldnews/worldnews.asp?l=e&country=0&special=&monthyear=&day=&id=57706&ndb=1&df=0.
2. Canada, ISA, Dec 2012. The Canadian Food Inspection Agency has confirmed the province's second outbreak of infectious salmon anemia this year. This latest outbreak of ISA, which can kill fish but is not harmful to humans, has occurred at a Cooke Aquaculture facility in Hermitage Bay, the CFIA confirmed on Tuesday.
In July, (2012) 450,000 salmon were destroyed following an ISA outbreak at a Gray Aqua facility on Newfoundland's south coast, causing a loss of $10- to $13-million in sales.
See: http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/newfoundland-labrador/story/2012/12/19/nl-second-salmon-anemia-outbreak-1219.html.
Koestan Gadan has studied
the consequences of stress on the innate immune defence system of the
salmon and how it makes the fish more susceptible to disease. She chose
the IPN virus (infectious pancreatic necrosis) as a model virus for her
research. IPN is the cause of considerable losses in Norwegian salmon
farming and has for many years been the most frequently diagnosed
disease for this fish.
Read more at: http://phys.org/news/2013-01-effect-stress-atlantic-salmon-congenital.html#jCp
Read more at: http://phys.org/news/2013-01-effect-stress-atlantic-salmon-congenital.html#jCp
Koestan Gadan has studied
the consequences of stress on the innate immune defence system of the
salmon and how it makes the fish more susceptible to disease. She chose
the IPN virus (infectious pancreatic necrosis) as a model virus for her
research. IPN is the cause of considerable losses in Norwegian salmon
farming and has for many years been the most frequently diagnosed
disease for this fish.
Read more at: http://phys.org/news/2013-01-effect-stress-atlantic-salmon-congenital.html#jCp
Read more at: http://phys.org/news/2013-01-effect-stress-atlantic-salmon-congenital.html#jCp
Koestan Gadan has studied
the consequences of stress on the innate immune defence system of the
salmon and how it makes the fish more susceptible to disease. She chose
the IPN virus (infectious pancreatic necrosis) as a model virus for her
research. IPN is the cause of considerable losses in Norwegian salmon
farming and has for many years been the most frequently diagnosed
disease for this fish.
Read more at: http://phys.org/news/2013-01-effect-stress-atlantic-salmon-congenital.html#jCp
Read more at: http://phys.org/news/2013-01-effect-stress-atlantic-salmon-congenital.html#jCp
Koestan Gadan has studied
the consequences of stress on the innate immune defence system of the
salmon and how it makes the fish more susceptible to disease. She chose
the IPN virus (infectious pancreatic necrosis) as a model virus for her
research. IPN is the cause of considerable losses in Norwegian salmon
farming and has for many years been the most frequently diagnosed
disease for this fish.
Read more at: http://phys.org/news/2013-01-effect-stress-atlantic-salmon-congenital.html#jCp
Read more at: http://phys.org/news/2013-01-effect-stress-atlantic-salmon-congenital.html#jCp
Koestan Gadan has studied
the consequences of stress on the innate immune defence system of the
salmon and how it makes the fish more susceptible to disease. She chose
the IPN virus (infectious pancreatic necrosis) as a model virus for her
research. IPN is the cause of considerable losses in Norwegian salmon
farming and has for many years been the most frequently diagnosed
disease for this fish.
Read more at: http://phys.org/news/2013-01-effect-stress-atlantic-salmon-congenital.html#jCp
Read more at: http://phys.org/news/2013-01-effect-stress-atlantic-salmon-congenital.html#jCp
Koestan Gadan has studied
the consequences of stress on the innate immune defence system of the
salmon and how it makes the fish more susceptible to disease. She chose
the IPN virus (infectious pancreatic necrosis) as a model virus for her
research. IPN is the cause of considerable losses in Norwegian salmon
farming and has for many years been the most frequently diagnosed
disease for this fish.
Read more at: http://phys.org/news/2013-01-effect-stress-atlantic-salmon-congenital.html#jCp
Read more at: http://phys.org/news/2013-01-effect-stress-atlantic-salmon-congenital.html#jCp
Koestan Gadan has studied
the consequences of stress on the innate immune defence system of the
salmon and how it makes the fish more susceptible to disease. She chose
the IPN virus (infectious pancreatic necrosis) as a model virus for her
research. IPN is the cause of considerable losses in Norwegian salmon
farming and has for many years been the most frequently diagnosed
disease for this fish.
Read more at: http://phys.org/news/2013-01-effect-stress-atlantic-salmon-congenital.html#jCp
Read more at: http://phys.org/news/2013-01-effect-stress-atlantic-salmon-congenital.html#jCp
"Studies on stress and innate immunity in relation to infectious pancreatic necrosis virus in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.)"
Read more at: http://phys.org/news/2013-01-effect-stress-atlantic-salmon-congenital.html#jCp
Read more at: http://phys.org/news/2013-01-effect-stress-atlantic-salmon-congenital.html#jCp
"Studies on stress and innate immunity in relation to infectious pancreatic necrosis virus in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.)"
Read more at: http://phys.org/news/2013-01-effect-stress-atlantic-salmon-congenital.html#jCp[[[
Read more at: http://phys.org/news/2013-01-effect-stress-atlantic-salmon-congenital.html#jCp[[[
"Studies on stress and innate immunity in relation to infectious pancreatic necrosis virus in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.)"
Read more at: http://phys.org/news/2013-01-effect-stress-atlantic-salmon-congenital.html#jCp
Read more at: http://phys.org/news/2013-01-effect-stress-atlantic-salmon-congenital.html#jCp
Cand.Scient. Koestan Gadan
defended her doctoral research at the Norwegian School of Veterinary
Science on 17th December with a thesis entitled: "Studies on stress and
innate immunity in relation to infectious pancreatic necrosis virus in
Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.)"
Read more at: http://phys.org/news/2013-01-effect-stress-atlantic-salmon-congenital.html#jCp
Read more at: http://phys.org/news/2013-01-effect-stress-atlantic-salmon-congenital.html#jCp
Cand.Scient. Koestan Gadan
defended her doctoral research at the Norwegian School of Veterinary
Science on 17th December with a thesis entitled: "Studies on stress and
innate immunity in relation to infectious pancreatic necrosis virus in
Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.)"
Read more at: http://phys.org/news/2013-01-effect-stress-atlantic-salmon-congenital.html#jCp
Read more at: http://phys.org/news/2013-01-effect-stress-atlantic-salmon-congenital.html#jCp
1. Marine Harvest faces anti-monopoly charges in Scotland:
http://www.heraldscotland.com/business/company-news/salmon-giant-caught-on-european-competition-hook-as-deal-nets-36-of-scottish-production.19729303.
Marine Harvest has so far bought 49.5% of Polish-based Morpol, although it is hoping to buy the rest of the company in the coming weeks. Morpol's Scottish salmon farms are concentrated in Orkney and Shetland but its main business is salmon smoking, most of which happens in Poland.
The deal will mean that four of the big five salmon producers in Scotland are controlled by Norwegian interests, leaving the Edinburgh-based Scottish Salmon Company as the only exception. Comment: this is what fish farms do around the world.
Marine Harvest has so far bought 49.5% of Polish-based Morpol, although it is hoping to buy the rest of the company in the coming weeks. Morpol's Scottish salmon farms are concentrated in Orkney and Shetland but its main business is salmon smoking, most of which happens in Poland.
The deal will mean that four of the big five salmon producers in Scotland are controlled by Norwegian interests, leaving the Edinburgh-based Scottish Salmon Company as the only exception. Comment: this is what fish farms do around the world.
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